电磁轨道发射器能量转换过程

Analysis of energy conversion process in electromagnetic rail launcher

为提高电磁轨道炮发射效率,探讨电磁轨道发射器的能量转换过程及规律,依据电路和电动力学理论,构建了由动生阻抗、轨道电感、轨道电阻和枢轨接触电阻等组成的发射器非线性数学模型,搭建了耦合结构力、速度、位移等因素的发射器仿真模型,在分析动生阻抗、轨道电感、轨道电阻和枢轨接触电阻特性的基础上,揭示了发射器的脉冲电源激励、脉冲电源和轨道电感共同激励、轨道电感主激励三阶段能量转换规律,得到某次试验发射器能量转换过程和各负载消耗能量占比,其中轨道电阻消耗能量占比52.73%最高,降低轨道电阻、轨道电阻梯度和摩擦系数等仿真参数后,发射器效率由27.27%提升至60.87%。

To enhance the launch efficiency of the electromagnetic rail launcher,the energy conversion processes and rules were discussed,and a nonlinear arithmetic model was constructed for the rail launch-er based on electronic load and electrodynamics.Comprising motional impedance,rail inductance,rail resistance and armature-rail contact resistance,the model contributes to the establishment of a simulation model coupled with structural force,speed and displacement.The characteristics of motional impedance,rail inductance and rail resistance were analyzed,and thereupon the energy transport process was re-vealed as composed of three phases,respectively being pulse power supply excitation,followed by joint excitation of pulse power supply and rail inductance,and finally main excitation of rail inductance.Through several field experiments,it is obtained that the specific process of energy conversion and the en-ergy consumption ratios of various loads,with the energy consumption by rail resistance being the highest(52.73%).By reducing simulation parameters such as track resistance,track resistance gradient and friction coefficient,the transmitter efficiency is improved from 27.27%to 60.87%.