土地转出、企业家精神与农户高质量创业

Land Transfer,Entrepreneurship and Quality Entrepreneurship among Farmers

土地资源的有效利用是影响农民创业质量与创业动机的重要原因。基于第三轮中国家庭金融调查数据,采用内生转换Probit模型检验了农户土地转出与高质量创业活动选择之间的关系,并从企业家精神角度阐释了影响机制。研究结果显示:第一,农地转出显著促进了农户的机会型创业活动,推动了农村高质量创业活动发展;第二,使用熵权TOPSIS法从社会资本、风险偏好、创业知识素养层面构建企业家精神指数,检验发现土地转出通过提高企业家精神推动了农户的高质量创业;第三,土地转出对东部、市场化发展水平较好地区,以及受教育程度较高的新生代农户的创业效应更大。得出结论为进一步促进农村土地流转、农户高质量创业、农业农村现代化发展目标的实现提供了理论及实证依据。

The effective utilization of land resources is an important reason that affects the quality and motivation of farmers'entrepreneurship.With the data of the third round of China's household finance survey,we used the endogenous transformation probit model to test the relationship between farmers'land transfer and high-quality entrepreneurial activity choices,and explained the impact mechanism from the perspective of entrepreneurship.The research results show that:firstly,the transfer of agricultural land significantly promotes the opportunity based entrepreneurial activities of farmers and promotes the development of high-quality entrepreneurial activities in rural areas.Secondly,using the entropy weighted TOPSIS method to construct an entrepreneurial spirit index from the perspectives of social capital,risk preference,and entrepreneurial knowledge literacy,the land transfer promotes high-quality entrepreneurship among farmers by improving entrepreneurial spirit.Thirdly,the transfer of land has a greater entrepreneurial effect on the eastern region,areas with better levels of market-oriented development,and the new generation of farmers with higher levels of education.This study will provide theoretical and empirical basis for further promoting rural land transfer,high-quality entrepreneurship of farmers,and achieving the goals of agricultural and rural modernization development.