胎母输血综合征检测方法与相关疾病的研究进展

Advances in the Detection of Fetalmaternal Transfusion Syndrome and Related Disorders

胎母输血综合征(fetomaternal hemorrhage,FMH)是指分娩前或分娩过程中,胎儿红细胞进入母体循环,母亲产生针对胎儿红细胞表面抗原的抗体,结合红细胞表面抗原使胎儿红细胞发生不同程度溶血的一系列反应。准确定量胎母出血的量对预防包括新生儿溶血病在内的新生儿出生缺陷至关重要。本文基于国内外最新相关文献,分析了FMH的新型和传统检测方法,阐明了各种检测方法的优势及不足之处,同时对FMH和各种围产期胎儿临床疾病的相关性作出了简要概述,为胎母输血综合征检测技术的标准规范化以及进一步预防诊治相关疾病提供依据。

Fetomaternal hemorrhage(FMH)is a series of reactions in which fetal red blood cells enter the maternal circulation before or during delivery,and the mother produces antibodies against fetal red blood cells,which in combination with red blood cell surface antigens cause fetal red blood cells to undergo varying degrees of hemolysis.Accurate quantification of fetalmaternal hemorrhage is crucial for the prevention of neonatal birth defects including neonatal hemolytic disease.Based on the latest relevant literature at home and abroad,this article analyzes the new and traditional detection methods for FMH,elucidates the advantages and shortcomings of various detection methods,and briefly outlines the correlation between FMH and various perinatal fetal clinical disorders,in order to provide a basis for standardization of testing techniques for fetalmaternal hemorrhage and further prevention and treatment of related diseases.