从布柳河流域看“鱼梁”的文献误读与实用分类

Literature misreading and practical classification of"kiddle"from the Buliu River Basin

鱼梁的历史文献丰富。南宋朱熹《诗经集传》解释以笱“承梁之空以取鱼”,混淆了鱼梁和鱼笱各自为器的关系,后世许多文献误将两者视为一体。文章通过古今文献资料与广西壮族自治区布柳河流域的“鱼梁”现状对比分析,将“鱼梁”分成“打鱼鱼梁”和“等鱼鱼梁”两大类,并详细阐述了两者的制作机理和安装技术。并提出“打鱼鱼梁”设计出的漫水自净和势能打鱼功能,成为当地捕鱼文化的技术结晶,可建议申请非物质文化遗产。

The history of kiddle is rich in literature.ZHU Xi’s Book of Songs in the Southern Song Dynasty explains that“taking girder empty to take fish”,confusing the relationship between Yuliang(kiddle)and Yugou(fishing sprout)as tools,and many later documents mistakenly regard the two as one body.Based on the comparative analysis of ancient and modern documents and the current situation of"kiddle"in the Buliu River basin of Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region,this paper divides“kiddle”into two categories:“Dayu Yuliang”and“Dengyu Yuliang”,and expounds their production mechanism and installation technology in detail.It is proposed that the self-purification and potential fishing functions designed by“Yuliang(kiddle)”become the technical crystallization of local fishing culture,and can be recommended to apply for intangible cultural heritage.