中国“一池三山”造景理法及其演绎模式研究

Research on the Landscaping Theory and Deduction Mode of“One Pond and Three Mountains”in China

“一池三山”起源于古人的山水崇拜和神仙思想,象征着中国人民对理想生活的美好向往,是中华民族集体意识的体现,深刻影响着中国古典园林的发展。目前对于“一池三山”的研究多集中于文化溯源和园林应用案例,缺乏演绎规律角度的深入分析。文章采用文献研究法和实地调查法,分析中国“一池三山”的造景理法及其背后的演绎模式,将“一池三山”演绎模式总结为池中岛与半岛相结合、三山围合水面、假山与铺地相组合三种,并探究其背后的意境营造手法和形象思维模式,以期为中国古典园林文化的传承和创新提供借鉴依据。

“One Pond and Three Mountains”originated from the ancient people’s landscape worship and immortal thoughts,symbolizing the Chinese people’s beautiful yearning for an ideal life,is the embodiment of the collective consciousness of the Chinese nation,and has a profound impact on the development of Chinese classical gardens.At present,most of the research on“one pond and three mountains”focuses on cultural traceability and garden application cases,and lacks in-depth analysis on deductive laws.This paper analyzes the landscaping theory of“one pond and three mountains”in China and the deductive law behind it by using the literature research method and field investigation method,and summarizes the deductive mode of“one pond and three mountains”into three types:the combination of the island in the pond and the peninsula,the combination of the three mountains enclosing the water,and the combination of rockery and paving,and explores the artistic conception creation techniques and image thinking modes behind it,in order to provide a reference for the inheritance and innovation of Chinese classical garden culture.