我国民族药政策文本量化分析及优化策略

Quantitative analysis and optimization strategy of ethnic medicine policy text in China

目的研究我国民族药政策文本政策工具使用情况,分析存在问题,提出优化策略,以期为我国民族药相关政策的调整和优化提供参考依据。方法以我国国家部委网站发布的民族药相关政策为样本,以供给型、环境型和需求型政策工具为理论框架进行文本编码和数据处理,明晰我国民族药各政策工具的使用情况。结果在纳入的27份政策文本中,供给型、环境型和需求型政策工具占比分别为27.61%、52.13%和20.26%。在各项政策工具的应用上,不同的政策工具间占比不均衡,同一政策工具的内部要素之间也呈现出不同程度的失衡。其中,供给型政策工具中人才培训工具占比低,环境型政策工具中税收减免、法规管制、核查监管工具应用少,需求型政策工具中地区交流工具应用较少,拓宽发展动力不足。结论提出了平衡供给型、需求型、环境型政策工具的使用,形成产业优势;重视人才培养;健全民族药法律法规、行业标准;严抓监督管理;增进民族药地区交流等建议,为有关部门优化民族药政策提供参考。

Objective To study the use of textual policy tools in China’s ethnic medicine policy,analyze the existing problems,and put forward optimization strategies,in order to provide a reference for the adjustment and optimization of China’s ethnic medicine related policies.Methods Based on the policies related to ethnic medicine published on the websites of national ministries and commissions in China,the text coding and data processing were carried out with the theoretical frame work of supply-oriented,environmental-based and demand-oriented policy tools,and the use of various policy tools of ethnic medicine in China was clarified.Results Among the 27 policy texts included,supply-oriented,environmental-based,and demand-oriented policy instruments accounted for 27.61%,52.13%,and 20.26%,respectively.In the application of various policy tools,the proportion of different policy instruments was uneven,and the internal elements of the same policy instrument also showed different degrees of imbalance.Among them,the proportion of supply-based policy tools was low,the application of tax reduction,regulation and control,verification and supervision tools was less in the environmental-based policy tools,and the application of regional communication tools in demand-based policy tools was less,and the expansion of development momentum was insufficient.Conclusion It is suggested to balance the use of supply-oriented,demand-oriented and environment-oriented policy tools to form industrial advantages,pay attention to talent training,improve the laws,regulations and industry standards of ethnic medicine,strictly supervise and manage,and promote regional exchanges of ethnic medicine.