基于Himawari和FY4卫星实时监测森林火灾蔓延初探

Discussion on Near Real-time Tracking of Forest Fire Spread Based on Himawari and FY4 Geostationary Satellite Observation

探讨了新一代静止气象卫星在森林火灾蔓延速度测量中的应用潜能。Himawari-AHI和FY4-AGRI传感器10 min和5 min高时间分辨率观测数据为实时监测森林火灾蔓延速度(Fire Spread Rate,FSR)创造了有利条件。卫星遥感2 km空间分辨率观测下,绝大部分森林火灾火场蔓延变化周期大于12 min,说明新一代静止气象卫星观测数据有能力追踪测量森林火灾蔓延动态。本文提出一种基于Himawari-AHI和FY4-AGRI传感器的森林火灾蔓延速度测量算法,案例研究结果表明:该算法能够以较高精度给出近实时火场蔓延线速度和面积速度,线速度结合面积速度可以完整地描述火场整体蔓延趋势。蔓延算法可为林火蔓延预报研究提供一种实测数据源。

The application potential ability of the new generation geostationary meteorological satellites in forest fire spread velocity measurement is discussed.The Himawari-AHI and FY4-AGRI sensors provide 10 minutes and 5 minutes period's observation data,which provides excellent technical conditions for forest fire real-time tracking and FSR(Fire Spread Rate)measurement.Under the observation of satellite remote sensing 2 km spatial resolution,most forest fire field spread change period exceed 12 minutes,this indicating that the observation data of the new generation of geostationary meteorological satellites are capable of tracking and measuring the spread behavior of most forest fires.Based on the observation data of the new generation of geostationary meteorological satellite,a FSR measurement algorithm for forest fire spread velocity is proposed in this paper.A case study using Himawari-AHI and FY4-AGRI observation data show that the algorithm can give fire spread range velocity and area velocity in near-real-time with high accuracy.Therefore,this algorithm can realize the fire spread measuring and monitoring,and also provide a measurement data source for forest fire spread prediction and study.