基于输入性新冠病毒检测数据的回顾性分析与思考

Investigation and Thinking Based on Port Surveillance of Inbound Personnel SARS-CoV-2

目的了解济南口岸入境人员新冠病毒感染的流行病学特征,评估入境人员携带病原体的传播风险。方法对济南关区4个口岸2020—2022年入境人员采集的鼻咽拭子/口咽拭子标本,运用荧光RT-PCR技术检测新冠病毒核酸,并对其开展流行病学信息调查。结果2020年1月—2022年12月,检测入境人员拭子样本为34249例,检出阳性384例,总检出率为1.12%,包含多个新冠病毒变异株。其中2022年入境人员18075人次,男性12104人(64.7%)、女性6601人(35.3%);阳性检出343例,男性219例(63.8%)、女性124例(36.2%)。结论新冠病毒感染无季节性;女性和男性单位感染人数无显著差异(χ^(2)=7.88,P<0.01),青少年男性更容易感染。回顾分析入境人员新冠病毒感染数据,对口岸防控输入性呼吸道病毒传播具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 infection among entry per-sonnel at Jinan Port,and to assess the transmission risk of pathogens carried by entry personnel.Methods Naso-pharynx swab/oropharynx swab samples collected by entry personnel from 2020 to 2022 at four ports in Jinan cus-toms area were detected for COVID-19 nucleic acid by fluorescent RT-PCR,and epidemiological information was investigated.Results From January 2020 to December 2022,there were 34249 test samples of entry personnel,384 of which were positive,with a total detection rate of 1.12%,including multiple COVID-19 variants.In 2022,there were 18075 entry personnel,12104 men(64.7%),6601 women(35.3%),343 positive cases,219 men(63.8%),and 124 women(36.2%).Conclusion COVID-19 infection is not seasonal.There was no significant difference in the number of infections between females and males(χ2=7.88,P<0.01),and adolescent males were more susceptible to infection.Retrospective analysis of COVID-19 infection data of entry personnel is of great sig-nificance for prevention and control of imported respiratory virus transmission at ports.