云南传统马鞍式伸臂木梁拱桥力学分析

Mechanical Analysis of a Traditional Saddle-Type Extended-Arm Timber Girder Arch Bridge in Yunnan

马鞍式伸臂木梁桥是云南独有的一种古木桥型式,大多数依据工匠的经验设计而成,对该古木桥的结构研究将有助于对古建筑的保护,并能弘扬我国的传统文化。本文以云南省现存体积最大,保存最完好的马鞍式伸臂木梁拱桥——通京桥为研究对象,通过建立其1∶10的结构缩尺模型,使用现代桥梁的安全性评定方法分析其结构的使用安全性及合理性。结果表明:通京桥的榫卯结构完全符合现代桥梁的评定方式,说明传统的工匠艺术具有一定的科学性与合理性,对现在的新型木结构具有一定的启发和借鉴意义,同时有利于古建筑结构原理的保护和传承。

Saddle-armed wooden beam bridges are a unique type of ancient wooden bridges in Yunnan,but most of them were designed based on the experience of artisans in bridge building.Studying the structure of this unique saddle-armed wooden beam bridge in Yunnan will help protect the ancient architecture and promote our traditional culture.In this paper,the Tongjing Bridge,the largest and best-preserved saddle-armed wooden arch bridge in Yunnan Province,was taken as an example.By establishing a 1∶10 structural scale model and using modern bridge safety assessment methods,the safety and rationality of its structure were analyzed.The results showed that the mortise and tenons structure of Tongjing Bridge fully conformed to the evaluation method of modern bridges.The results indicated the traditional art of craftsmanship had a certain scientific rationality,and had certain inspiration and reference significance for the current new wooden structures.At the same time,it was also conducive to preserving and inheriting the principles of ancient architectural structures.