刑法中毒品概念的再审视

Re-examination of the Concept of Drug in Criminal Law

为进一步加强对毒品犯罪的打击,前置性规范中麻醉药品和精神药品列管品种不断增加、范围不断扩张,这与刑法中的毒品概念应具备相对明确性、确定性之间存有内在冲突。应当重新审视刑法中的毒品概念,明晰麻醉药品、精神药品与毒品概念的关系。刑法中的毒品概念应当具备国家管制性、致瘾癖性、麻精药品和非法用途等四个基本要素。区别于前置法中麻精药品的概念,建议在刑事立法中进一步明确毒品的非法用途要素,即在毒品概念层面通过考察麻精药品的用途,将医疗、教学、科研用途的麻精药品排除出毒品的范围。

In order to further strengthen the crackdown on drug crimes,the variety and scope of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs listed in the preliminary regulations are constantly increasing.Hence there is an inherent conflict between the concept of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs and the concept of drugs in criminal law which should have relative clarity and certainty.We need to re-examine the concept of drug in criminal law,which ought to have four basic elements:national control,addictive,narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs,and illegal use.Illegal use of drugs should be clarified in criminal legislation.That means the narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs used for medical,educational and scientific research is not the drugs in criminal law.