巧思破案·公案文学:闽剧《贬官记》的文本符号分析

Clever Thoughts on Solving Cases·Public Case Literature:A Symbolic Analysis of the Text of Fujian Opera Record of Demolished Officials

戏曲经过数百年发展艺术魅力犹存,以涉案剧为题材的戏曲作品一直受到民间百姓喜爱,新编闽剧《贬官记》诞生于20世纪90年代初期,故事讲述新官上任的贬官县令边一笑开场遇到奸情人命案,最终探查到案件真相的故事。文章借助格雷马斯结构主义叙事学的行动元模型和符号学矩阵分析闽剧《贬官记》的人物叙事,得出人物设置上的对立关系和人物关系之下的思想对立。然后,从人物存在的故事结构中分析文本情节构成的叙事结构,深入解读文化语境下作者和民众为何钟爱公案文学中的清官文化。此类公案戏背后呈现的清官文化以及社会映射的现实价值,值得我国戏曲人借鉴。

After a hundred years of development,the artistic charm of traditional Chinese opera still exists.Opera works based on the theme of the drama involved have always been loved by the people.The newly edited Min opera Record of Demolished Officials was created in the early 1980s.The story tells of Bian Yixiao,a newly appointed demoted county magistrate,who encounters a murder case of his adulterous lover at the beginning and ultimately discovers the truth of the case.The paper used the“action element”model and the“semiotic matrix”of Greimas structuralist narratology to analyze the character narrative of Min Opera’s Record of Demolished Officials,and obtains the opposition relationship in character setting and the ideological opposition under character relationship.Then,the paper analyzed the narrative structure of the text plot from the story structure of the character’s existence,and deeply interpreted why the author and the public love the culture of clean officials in public case literature in the cultural context.The culture of clean officials and the practical value reflected in society behind such public case dramas are worth learning from by Chinese opera practitioners.