某小学一起诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻暴发疫情调查

Investigation of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by norovirus in an elementary school

目的调查分析江苏省宿迁市沭阳县某实验小学诺如病毒引起的暴发疫情,评价预防控制措施效果,为控制学校诺如病毒疫情的暴发提供科学依据。方法通过流行病学调查、样本的采集和实验室的检测,对病例进行主动搜索,使用描述性流行病学方法对疫情进行分析,采取一系列针对性的防控措施并对效果进行评价。结果疫情自2月15—27日累计发生38例,均为学生。38例病例主要症状为恶心、呕吐,少部分病例有腹痛、腹泻的情况。病例分布在11个班级,主要集中在四(18)班,有18例,占病例总数的47.37%。PCR检测23份病例肛拭子中的诺如病毒,阳性16份,分型为GⅠ型12份,GⅡ型4份;该校环境混采3管15份,其中四(18)班1管为阳性。结论该起疫情较为集中,自最后一例病例起72 h后未再发现新的感染病例,说明该起疫情已终止,采取措施得当,控制及时。

Objective To investigate and analyze the outbreak of norovirus(NV)infection in an experimental primary school in Shuyang County,Suqian City,Jiangsu Province,and to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures to provide scientific evidence for controlling the outbreak of NV infection in schools.Methods Through epidemiological investigation,sample collection,and laboratory testing,the cases were actively searched,the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation,and a series of targeted prevention and control measures were adopted and the effect was evaluated.Results A total of 38 cases occurred from February 15 to February 27,and all of them were students.The main symptoms of 38 cases were nausea and vomiting,and a small number of cases had abdominal pain and diarrhea.The cases were distributed in 11 classes,mainly concentrated in Class Eighteen of Grade Four,with 18 cases,representing 47.37%of the total number of cases.The anal swabs of 23 cases were tested by PCR for NV,16 cases were positive and 12 cases were classified as GⅠ.type and 4 GⅡtype.The school had a mixed collection of 3 tubes including 15 portions,of which 1 tube was positive in Class Eighteen of Grade Four.Conclusion The epidemic is relatively concentrated,and no new cases of infection have been found 72 hours after the last case,indicating that the epidemic has been terminated,and appropriate measures have been taken to control it in time.