广东省人工圈养虎肠道微生物组结构的研究

Study on the Gut Microbiota Structure of Artificial Captive Tiger Farming in Guangdong Province

为了探究广东省华南虎、孟加拉虎和东北虎肠道菌群结构的组成,本研究利用16S rDNA V1-V9区三代测序对广东省人工圈养的不同虎进行肠道菌群测序比较分析和物种注释,探究其微生物群的组成和丰度。结果显示:圈养健康虎肠道微生物组的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)及拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes);广东省人工圈养华南虎肠道微生物菌群较为健康,不同虎种间的肠道菌群结构没有显著性差异,但基于饮食、环境、状态等条件导致菌群结构还是具有一定的差别,东北虎和孟加拉虎的肠道菌群具有部分较高丰度的潜在致病菌属,表明本次研究调查的孟加拉虎和东北虎存在一定的健康风险,需要密切关注。我们的研究揭示了广东省不同虎种肠道微生物的菌群组成结构,对于这一濒危物种的综合保护和合理圈养有重要意义。

The South China tiger(Panthera tigris amoyensis),Bengal tiger(Panthera tigris tigris tigris),and Northeast tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)belong to the mammalian carnivorous order,feline leopard genus,and are first-class protected animals in China.In order to investigate the composition of gut microbiota in different tiger species in Guangdong Province,this study used 16S rDNA V1-V9 region third-generation sequencing to compare and annotate the gut microbiota of artificially captive tigers in Guangdong Province,and to explore their microbial composition and abundance.The results showed that the dominant phyla of gut microbiota in captive healthy tigers were Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes;The gut microbiota of artificially captive South China tigers in Guangdong Province is relatively healthy,and there is no significant difference in the gut microbiota structure between different tiger species.However,due to conditions such as diet,environment,and status,there are still certain differences in the microbiota structure.The gut microbiota of Northeast tigers and Bengal tigers have some potential pathogenic genera with high abundance,indicating that the Bengal tigers and Northeast tigers investigated in this study have certain health risks,Need close attention.Our research has revealed the microbial community composition of different tiger species in Guangdong Province,which is of great significance for the comprehensive protection and rational captive breeding of this endangered species.