公共数据授权运营:理论探究、实践分析与完善路径

Theoretical Exploration,Practical Analysis and Path Improvement of Public Data Authorization Operation

当前,公共数据授权运营正处于快速发展阶段,但其在理论和实践层面仍有待探讨之处。首先,开展理论探究,探讨了公共数据授权运营在法律性质上属于行政协议,在法律地位上与公共数据开放、公共数据共享并列,共同构成我国公共数据开发利用体系;其次,结合地方实践情况,分析了公共数据运营的3大特征及4大现实困境;最后,提出了公共数据运营的制度完善思路,即实现公共数据从当前政府主导的行政配置向市场化配置的转变,并从运营范围、主体资格、监督机制、收益分配及需求管理等方面给出具体建议。

Nowadays,public data authorization operation is currently in a rapid development stage,but there are still areas that need to be explored in theory and practice.First,in terms of theoretical exploration,the analysis indicates that the legal nature of public data authorization operation should be an administrative agreement,which can be on equal legal footing with public data opening and public data sharing,collectively form China’s public data development and utilization system.Then,combining with local practical situations,three major characteristics and four major development dilemmas of public data operation are analyzed.Finally,the idea of improving the public data operation system is put forward,that is,to achieve the transition of public data from the current government-led administrative allocation to market-based allocation,and specific suggestions are given from aspects of operational scope,subject qualification,supervision mechanism,profit distribution,and demand management.