职普融通背景下的美国生涯与技术教育整合式课程建设及其对我国职业教育的启示——基于Jones和Weigel生涯准备理论框架

Construction of Integrated CTE Curriculum in America and Its Enlightenment to Vocational Education in China under the Background of the Integration of General and Vocational Education-Based on Jones and Weigel’s Theoretical Framework of Career Readiness

围绕帮助学生做好生涯准备的目标,在生涯与技术教育中实行职业性与学术性相融合的整合式教学,提升职业教育的学术性水平,是近年来美国教育的重要动向。加利福尼亚州开展的生涯与技术教育整合式课程建设,将标准化作为制度基础,推出整合性示范性课程,变革财政支持方式,贯通校际培养路径,使学生通过学习更好地掌握理论知识、提升职业技能、形成对待职业或专业的正确态度,从而做好全面的生涯准备。Jones和Weigel提出的生涯准备理论,建立了学术能力、职业能力、态度行为能力三个维度,为分析美国的整合式课程建设举措提供了框架。美国以职普融通为方向开展整合式课程建设的做法,对我国深化职业教育改革、推进职普融通具有一定的启示意义。

With the goal of helping students prepare for their career readiness,it is an important trend to implement integrated teaching that integrates vocational and academic aspects in career and technical education,and improve the academic level of vocational education in American education in recent years.The integrated curriculum construction of career and technical education in California takes standardization as the institutional basis,introduces integrated demonstration courses,changes the way of financial support,and connects the inter-school training path,so that students can better grasp theoretical knowledge,improve vocational skills,and form a correct attitude towards occupation or major through learning to make comprehensive career readiness.The theory of career readiness proposed by Jones and Weigel establishes three dimensions of academic ability,professional ability,attitude and behavior ability,which provides a framework for analyzing the integrated curriculum construction measures in the United States.The practice of carrying out integrated curriculum construction in the United States in the direction of the integration of vocational and general education has certain enlightenment significance for China to deepen the reform of vocational education and promote the integration of vocational and general education.