党绅纠葛与代际竞逐:安徽蒙城的地方精英与县域政治(1927—1934)

The Intergenerational Competition Between the Kuomintang and the Gentry in Mengcheng,Anhui Province,1927—1934

从微观视域出发,将代际问题纳入到党绅关系的研究中,可以增进对南京国民政府初期地方政治的理解。在皖北的蒙城县,清末、辛亥以来形成了以绅派为主导的强人政治。进入1920年代,随着旅外学生陆续返乡,青年势力逐渐兴起。南京国民政府成立后,加入国民党而实现了“党化”的青年与绅派围绕政治、教育等地方资源,竞争日益激烈。由于蒙城的政绅合谋、党部分裂等原因,无论在“毁党案”还是“李铭勋贩毒案”中,党权始终势弱。绅派依靠各种正式与非正式资源,通过代际竞逐继续保持优势。一些青年人的理想抱负因政治参与机制不健全而无法实现,实则孕育了革命的种子。蒙城的故事表明,县域政治既深受上层宏观政治的影响,同时也与地方社会的微观政治逻辑密切相关。

Starting from a micro perspective and incorporating intergenerational issues into the study of the relationship between the Kuomintang and the gentry can enhance the understanding of local politics in the early period of the Nanjing National Government.In Mengcheng county of northern Anhui province,a strongman politics dominated by the gentry faction was formed since the late Qing dynasty.Entering the 192os,youth power continued to rise with the return of expatriate students one after another.After the founding of the Nanjing National Government,the young people who joined the KMT competed fiercely with the gentry around local resources such as politics and education.Due to the collusion between the government and the gentry,and the split of the party,the party power was always weak,no matter in the"Destruction of the Party Case"or in the"Li Mingxun Drug Trafficking Case".The gentry continued to maintain their advantage through intergenerational competition,relying on various formal and informal resources.Some young people's ideals and aspirations were not realized due to inadequate political participation mechanisms,which in fact nurtured the seeds of revolution.The story of Mengcheng demonstrates that county politics was deeply influenced by the macro-politics of the upper echelons and at the same time closely related to the micro-political logic of the local society.