母婴皮肤接触时长对妊娠糖尿病产妇新生儿血糖及母乳喂养的影响

Effect of mother-infant skin contact duration on blood glucose and breast feeding of newborns of diabetic mother

目的探讨延长母婴皮肤接触持续时间对改善妊娠糖尿病(GDM)产妇新生儿血糖水平、维持体温稳定性及促进母乳喂养的效果。方法选取2023年2—4月在杭州市妇产科医院自然分娩的90例妊娠糖尿病产妇足月分娩新生儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(45例,新生儿出生后母婴皮肤接触持续90 min)和对照组(45例,母婴皮肤接触持续30 min)。比较2组新生儿出生即刻、出生30 min、90 min、2 h时的体温、血糖水平及母乳喂养情况。结果观察组新生儿出生90 min、2 h时体温均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组新生儿出生90 min、2 h时血糖值均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组出生2 h低血糖发生率为2.22%(1/45),低于对照组的15.56(7/45),但差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.430,P>0.05)。观察组新生儿首次母乳喂养成功率、吸吮持续时间及母乳喂养量表得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论妊娠糖尿病产妇新生儿出生后给予持续90 min的母婴皮肤接触有利于维持新生儿血糖和体温的稳定,促进纯母乳喂养。

Objective To explore the effects of extended mother-infant skin contact on improving blood sugar levels in newborns of mothers with diabetes mellitus(GDM),stabilizing body temperature,and promoting breast feeding.Methods A total of 90 full-term newborns of diabetic pregnant women who gave birth naturally in Hangzhou Women's Hospital from February to April 2023 were selected for this study.The newborns were randomly divided into an observation group(45 cases,90-min skin contact)and a control group(45 cases,30-min skin contact).The body temperature,blood glucose levels,and breastfeeding status of two groups were compared at birth,30 minutes,90 minutes,and 2 hours.Results The body temperature of newborns in the observation group were higher than that in the control group at 90 minutes and 2 hours of birth(P<0.05).The blood glucose levels of newborns in the observation group were also higher than those in the control group at these times(P<0.05).The incidence of 2-hour hypoglycemia in the observation group was 2.22%(1/45),lower than the control group(15.56%,7/45),but the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.430,P>0.05).The success rate of the first breastfeeding,duration of sucking,and the breastfeeding scale scores of newborns in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Ninety minutes of mother-infant skin contact after birth for newborns of diabetic mothers is conducive to maintaining the stability of blood sugar and temperature of newborns,and promoting exclusive breastfeeding.