从黔东南苗族古歌看中华民族共同体意识叙事

The Narration of Consciousness of Chinese Nation Community From the An-cient Songs of Miao Nationality in Southeast Guizhou

中华文化认同是各民族铸牢中华民族共同体意识的坚实根基。黔东南苗族古歌作为中华民族文化遗产的一部分,是一部寄托民族精神与文化情感、展现认知世界和改造世界历程的民族叙事史诗。基于历史文献和田野调查,通过研究苗族古歌所反映的洪水神话中的华夷共祖现象、历史上民族交往交流交融过程中形成自我定位的华夷一体观、龙图腾崇拜等中华民族共有的神话传说与习俗,反映作为中华民族一份子的苗族共创、共享中华文化符号和中华民族形象的史实。苗族古歌蕴含的“休戚与共、荣辱与共、生死与共、命运与共”的中华民族共同体理念,对构筑各民族共有精神家园、铸牢中华民族共同体意识牢不可破的思想长城具有重要的时代价值。

Chinese cultural identity is a solid foundation for all nationalities to cast a strong sense of Chinese national communi-ty.As a part of the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation,the ancient song of the Miao nationality in southeast Guizhou is a nation-al narrative epic that expresses the national spirit and cultural emotion and shows the course of knowing and changing the world.Based on historical documents and field investigation,by studying the phenomenon of the common ancestor of Huayi in flood mythol-ogy reflected in Miao ancient songs,the self-oriented concept of Huayi integration formed in the process of national exchanges and integration in history,and the common myths,legends and customs of the Chinese nation such as dragon totem worship,this thesis reflects the historical fact that Miao people,as a member of the Chinese nation,create and share Chinese cultural symbols and Chi-nese national image.The idea of"sharing weal and woe,honor and shame,life and death,and destiny"contained in the ancient songs of the Miao nationality is of great value to the construction of the common spiritual home of all nationalities and the Great Wall of thought in which the consciousness of the Chinese nation community is unbreakable.