清代社会治理视域下的甘宁青义学

On Yi Xue in Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai from the Perspective of Social Governance in Qing Dynasty

义学是宋明以后专为孤寒子弟设立的免费启蒙教育机构,其广泛设立对甘宁青地区社会治理影响深远。义学的普及,对于提升清代甘青宁地区人口素质和文化水平、改良社会风气、实现地方教育资源和土地资源的有效利用、构建儒家思想文化认同、促进民族团结和睦、维护民族地区长治久安具有十分重要的意义。虽然清代甘宁青义学在地方社会治理方面取得了一定成效,但也存在诸多隐患,义学资产欺买倒卖所引发的社会不公现象、寺院文化与儒学教育之间的潜在冲突需要引起关注。

Yi Xue is a free enlightenment education institution set up for orphaned children after the Song and Ming dynasties,and its extensive establishment has a far-reaching impact on the social governance of Ningxia and Qinghai areas.The popularization of Yixue is of great significance not only for improving the quality and cultural level of the population in Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai areas of the Qing Dynasty,for improving the social atmosphere,and for realizing the effective utilization of local educational resourc-es and land resources,but also for constructing Confucian ideological and cultural identity,for promoting ethnic unity and harmony,and for maintaining the long-term peace and stability of ethnic minority areas.Although Yi Xue in Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai ar-eas of the Qing Dynasty has achieved certain results in local social governance,attention should also be paid to its hidden troubles such as the social injustice caused by the fraudulent purchase and resale of Yixue assets and the potential conflicts between monas-tic culture and Confucian education.