超声评估女性不孕患者子宫内膜容受性的研究进展

Research progress on ultrasound in evaluation of endometrial receptivity in female infertility patients

近年来,越来越多的女性因生育或再生育问题寻求辅助生殖技术助孕,不孕不育症已成为影响人类健康的重大问题。良好的子宫内膜容受性(endometrialreceptivity,ER)是成功妊娠的决定因素之一,准确、高效地评估ER成为研究热点。通常认为子宫内膜组织活检是评估ER的金标准,但因其有创性、评价结果滞后难以反映即时ER而受限于临床应用。超声是一种无创的检查手段,可以连续、实时监测,被广泛应用于女性不孕症的诊疗中,已成为不孕症的首选检查方法。本综述主要针对于ER的评估,详细叙述超声下子宫内膜形态、子宫内膜血流、子宫内膜蠕动波、子宫内膜造影、子宫内膜弹性等的研究进展。

In recent years,more and more women have sought assisted reproductive technology to help them conceive due to fertility or reproduction problems.Infertility has become a major problem affecting human health.Good endometrial receptivity(ER)is a key factor for successful pregnancy,and accurate and efficient assessment of endometrial receptivity has become a research hotspot.Endometrial pathology biopsy techniques are generally considered the gold standard for the evaluation of ER.However,due to its invasiveness and lag in evaluation,it is difficult to reflect the immediate endometrial receptivity,so its clinical application is limited.As a non-invasive examination method,ultrasound can continuously monitor in real-time during the cycle,and has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of female infertility,and has become the preferred examination method for infertility.This review focuses on ER,and describes the research progress of ultrasound endometrial morphology,endometrial blood flow,endometrial peristalsis wave,endometriography,and endometrial elastography in detail.