2012—2021年南通市梅毒发病趋势及流行特征分析

Analysis of syphilis incidence trends and epidemiological characteristics in Nantong City from 2012 to 2021

目的了解2012—2021年南通市梅毒发病趋势及流行特征,为科学合理制定梅毒防治策略提供理论依据。方法收集2012—2021年南通市梅毒病例的传染病报告卡,下载人口学数据,用占比对分类变量进行描述,采用χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。结果2012—2021年南通市累计报告梅毒病例27760例,年均报告发病率为37.73/10万,报告发病率从27.38/10万上升至51.16/10万,梅毒总体发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=1063.293,P<0.001)。年平均发病率男性为41.19/10万,女性为34.59/10万。25~<30岁年龄组发病率最高为46.58/10万~77.89/10万(年均62.98/10万)。各期梅毒中,隐性梅毒18954例,占68.28%,年均报告发病率为25.83/10万,呈明显上升趋势(χ^(2)=2293.568,P<0.001)。崇川区年均报告梅毒发病率最高(53.90/10万),海安市最低(29.85/10万)。梅毒报告病例的职业分布以农民最高,为15111例(占54.43%),其次为家务及待业6537例(占23.55%)和离退人员2414例(占8.70%)。结论2012—2021年南通市梅毒报告发病率总体呈上升趋势,需要进一步针对重点地区、重点人群加强梅毒精准防治工作。

Objective To understand the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Nantong City from 2012 to 2021,and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific and rational formulation of syphilis prevention and control strategies.Methods The infectious disease report cards of syphilis cases in Nantong City from 2012 to 2021 were collected,demographic data were downloaded,categorical variables were described by proportions,and inter-group comparisons were made using the Chi-square test.Results A total of 27760 syphilis cases were reported in Nantong City from 2012 to 2021,with an average annual reported incidence of 37.73/100000.Over the decade,the reported incidence increased from 27.38/100000 to 51.16/100000,showing an overall upward trend in syphilis incidence(χ^(2)=1063.293,P<0.001).The average annual incidence was 41.19/100000 in males and 34.59/100000 in females.The highest incidence was reported in the age group of 25-<30 years,ranging from 46.58/100000 to 77.89/100000(annual average 62.98/100000).Among all stages of syphilis,there were 18954 cases of latent syphilis were reported,accounting for 68.28%,and the average annual reported incidence was 25.83/100000,showing a statistically significant upward trend(χ^(2)=2293.568,P<0.001).Chongchuan District had the highest average annual reported incidence rate of syphilis(53.9/100000),and Hai′an City had the lowest(29.85/100000).The occupational distribution of syphilis cases was highest among farmers(15111 cases,54.43%),followed by domestic workers and unemployed workers(6537 cases,23.55%),and retired workers(2414 cases,8.70%).Conclusion The overall reported incidence rate of syphilis in Nantong City from 2012 to 2021 shows an increasing trend,and it is necessary to further strengthen the precision prevention and control of syphilis in key areas and key populations.