芜湖市某高校食堂地脚米孳生粉螨的初步调查

Preliminary investigation of acaroid mites breeding in ground dust rice in a college canteen in Wuhu City

目的对芜湖市某高校食堂地脚米粉螨孳生情况进行调查,为本地区高校食堂的卫生与健康提出参考和建议。方法分别于2021年6、7月和2022年7月在芜湖市某高校2所食堂储藏间内的大米米袋周围进行采样,通过直接镜检法从地脚米样本中分离孳生的螨,并将检出的螨按照有关参考文献的步骤制成玻片标本,再在光学显微镜下进行形态学观察,以及螨种的鉴定和计数。结果30份(共300g)地脚米样本中,检出2430只粉螨,分离出7种粉螨,分别隶属于4科7属,即腐食酪螨(Tyrophagus putrescentiae)、椭圆食粉螨(Aleuroglyphus ovatus)、纳氏皱皮螨(Suidasia nesbitti)、害嗜鳞螨(Lepidoglyphus destructor)、热带无爪螨(Blomia tropicalis)、粉尘螨(Dermatophagoides farinae)、拱殖嗜渣螨(Chortoglyphus arcuatus),平均孳生密度分别为3.10只/g、0.95只/g、0.24只/g、1.07只/g、1.55只/g、1.00只/g、0.18只/g。30份地脚米样本中的腐食酪螨、热带无爪螨和害嗜鳞螨孳生率均处于较高水平,均为100.00%,300g地脚米样本的平均孳生密度为8.10只/g。腐食酪螨为优势种。结论芜湖市某高校食堂地脚米中粉螨孳生密度较高,应予以高度重视,并采取相关控制措施,以免因粉螨孳生严重导致相关人员患病。

Objective To investigate the breeding status of acaroid mites in ground dust rice in a college canteen in Wuhu City,and to provide references and suggestions for the hygiene and health of the college canteen in the region.Methods Samples were collected around rice bags in the storage rooms of 2 college canteens in Wuhu City in June and July 2021 and July 2022,respectively.Mites breeding in the ground dust rice samples were separated by direct microscopic examination.The detected mites were prepared into slide specimens according to the steps of relevant references,and then morphological observation,identification and count of mite species were carried out under an optical microscope.Results In 30 samples(300g in total)of ground dust rice,a total of 2430 acaroid mites were detected and 7 species were isolated,belonging to 4 families and 7 genera,respectively,namely,Tyrophagus putrescentiae,Aleuroglyphus ovatus,Suidasia nesbitti,Lepidoglyphus destructor,Blomia tropicalis,Dermatophagoides farinae,and Chortoglyphus arcuatus,with average breeding density of 3.10mites/g,0.95mites/g,0.24mites/g,1.07mites/g,1.55mites/g,1.00mites/g,0.18mites/g,respectively.The breeding rates of Tyrophagus putrescentiae,Blomia tropicalis and Lepidoglyphus destructor in 30 ground dust rice samples were all at a high level of 100.00%.The average breeding density of 300g ground dust rice samples was 8.10 mites/g.Tyrophage saprophagus was the dominant species.Conclusion The breeding density of acaroid mites in the ground dust rice in a college canteen in Wuhu City is high,which should be paid great attention to and relevant control measures should be taken to avoid the serious breeding of acaroid mites leading to disease of related personnel.