美国大学终身教职后评估制度及其改革带给我们什么——对我国大学教师聘任考核目标取向的追问

What does the Reform of Post-Tenure Review System of American Universities Bring us:An Inquiry into the Goal Orientation of Chinese University Teachers'Employment Evaluation

终身教职后评估是美国大学为促进教师职业发展与增强教师绩效而对终身教职教师实施的一项重要评估制度。美国佐治亚州大学系统(USG)近些年对终身教职后评估制度进行了改革,涉及评估对象、评估标准、评估类型与配套计划、评估程序等方面的调整。此次改革具有如下五个方面的新特征:评估目标在于促进教师职业发展与绩效产出的平衡、评估对象渐趋完整、评估标准注重学生发展与成功、评估过程注重教师群体的差异化管理以及制度设计注重保护大学自主权。美国大学终身教职后评估制度及其改革为我国大学教师聘任考核破除单一的“绩效产出”取向提供了借鉴价值。我国大学需要科学认知教师职业发展与绩效产出的内在关系,逐步优化和增加大学教师聘任考核多元标准,着力推进差异化管理和配套实施绩效改进计划,建立健全大学教师权益的行政保护制度。

Post-Tenure Review is an important evaluation system implemented by American universities to promote tenured faculty members'career development and performance.The University System of Georgia(USG)has reformed its Post-Tenure Review system in recent years,including adjustments to the review subjects,review criteria,review types and supporting plans,and review procedures.The reform has such five new features as follows:the goal of review is to promote the balance between tenured faculty members'career development and performance output,the review object is becoming more complete,the review standard focuses on the development and success of students,the review process focuses on the differentiated management of tenured faculty members,and the review system design emphasizes the protection of university autonomy.The Post-Tenure Review system of American universities and its reform provide a reference value for Chinese university teachers'employment evaluation to break the single"performance output"orientation.Chinese universities need to scientifically recognize the internal relationship between the career development of university teachers and their performance output,gradually optimize and increase the multiple criteria for the employment evaluation of university teachers,strive to promote differentiated management and implement performance improvement plans in support,and establish and improve the administrative protection system for the rights and interests of university teachers.