老年患者过渡期ICU后综合征症状特征及影响因素的分析

Characteristics and influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients during the transitional period

目的调查老年患者过渡期ICU后综合征发生现状及症状特征,并探讨其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年12月—2023年9月在中日友好医院重症监护病房住院的119例老年患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、简易躯体功能评估、疲劳量表、Barthel指数、住院焦虑抑郁量表、简易精神状态量表在患者转出ICU后7 d,从认知、心理、生理3个方面对其进行ICU后综合征评估。采用二项Logistic回归分析探讨老年患者ICU后综合征的影响因素。结果119例老年患者中,84例发生ICU后综合征,发生率为70.6%。二项Logistic回归分析显示,女性、营养筛查风险高是老年患者ICU后综合征发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论老年患者ICU后综合征在过渡期的发生率较高,其中女性、营养风险高的患者更容易发生ICU后综合征。医护人员应注意识别性别差异,重点关注高风险人群,早期动态评估不同症状,为老年患者提供精准干预。

Objective To investigate the current situation and characteristics of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients during the transitional period,and explore its influencing factors.Methods From December 2022 to September 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 119 elderly patients in the Intensive Care Unit of China-Japan Friendship Hospital as the research subject.The General Information Questionnaire,Short Physical Performance Battery,Fatigue Scale-14,Barthel Index,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,and Mini-mental State Examination were used to evaluate patients for post-intensive care syndrome from cognitive,psychological,and physiological aspects 7 days after their transfer from the Intensive Care Unit.Binomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients.Results Among 119 elderly patients,84 developed post-intensive care syndrome,with an incidence of 70.6%.The binomial Logistic regression showed that women and high nutritional risk were risk factors for the occurrence of post-intensive care syndrome in elderly patients(P<0.05).Conclusions The incidence of post-intensive care syndrome is high in elderly patients during the transition period,with females and patients with high nutritional risk being prone to developing post-intensive care syndrome.Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to identifying gender differences,focus on high-risk populations,and dynamically evaluate different symptoms early on to provide precise interventions for elderly patients.