天目山针阔混交林立地因子对林木更新的影响

Impact of site factors on forest regeneration in Mount Tianmu mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests

【目的】研究天目山针阔混交林立地因子对林木更新的影响,为亚热带针阔混交林的经营管理提供理论依据。【方法】以天目山针阔混交林为研究对象,将林木更新因子与土壤因子、地形因子进行Spearman相关分析,再利用单因素方差方法分析不同土壤、地形因子间林木更新的差异性,构建线性回归模型来定量描述林木更新与地形因子和土壤因子之间的关系。【结果】①天目山针阔混交林更新树种为79种,其中优势树种为连蕊茶Camellia fraterna、青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca、短尾柯Lithocarpus brevicaudatus、小叶青冈Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia、润楠Machilus pingii、马银花Rhododendron ovatum、榧树Torreya grandis、山胡椒Lindera glauca、柃木Eurya japonica、豹皮樟Litsea coreana。②速效钾与更新树种总株数呈现极显著负相关(P<0.01),海拔与更新树种总株数呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01),有机质与更新树种种数呈现显著负相关(P<0.05),速效钾与更新树种种数呈现极显著正相关(P<0.01)。③不同等级坡向和速效钾的更新树种总株数具有显著差异(P<0.05);不同等级坡度和有机质的更新树种种数有显著差异(P<0.05)。④在以更新树种总株数为因变量的线性回归模型中,速效钾、海拔的回归系数显著(P<0.05)。【结论】在天目山针阔混交林中,海拔、坡度、坡向、有机质和速效钾对林木的更新产生显著影响。

[Objective]The objective is to study the impact of site factors on forest regeneration in the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests in Mount Tianmu,and provide a theoretical basis for the management of subtropical mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests.[Method]A mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest in Mount Tianmu was taken as the research object.Spearman’s correlation analysis was conducted between forest regeneration factors,soil factors and terrain factors.One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the differences in forest regeneration among different soil and terrain factors.A linear regression model was constructed to quantitatively describe the relationship between forest regeneration and terrain and soil factors.[Result](1)There were 79 species of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests in Mount Tianmu,among which the dominant species were Camellia fraterna,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,Lithocarpus brevicaudatus,Cyclobalanopsis myrsinifolia,Machilus pingii,Rhododendron ovatum,Torreya grandis,Lindera glauca,Eurya japonica, and Litsea coreana. (2) There was a highly significant negative correlation between available potassium and the total number of updated tree species (P< 0.01), a highly significant positive correlation between altitude and the total number of updated tree species (P< 0.01), a significant negative correlation between organic matter and the number of updated tree species (P< 0.05), and a highly significant positive correlation between available potassium and the total number of updated tree species (P<0.01). (3) There was a significant difference in the total number of updated tree species with different slope orientations and available potassium levels (P< 0.05). There were significant differences in the number of updated tree species with different grades of slope and soil organic matter (P<0.05). (4) In the linear regression model with the total number of upgraded tree species as the dependent variable, the regression coefficients of available potassium and altitude were significant (P< 0.05). [Conclusion] In the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests in Mount Tianmu, altitude, slope, aspect, soil organic matter and available potassium have significant effects on forest regeneration.