多重面向与视角呈现:都市民族志研究的再思考

Multiple Dimensions and Research Perspectives:Rethinking on Urban Ethnography in China

大量建基于中国都市发展与文化现象的民族志作品自20世纪80年代以来不断涌现。这些民族志作品一方面坚持与经典理论对话,一方面立足本土特色,积极开拓都市研究的话语空间,围绕跨国人口流动与全球在地化、乡—城迁移下的劳工处境、国家—社会关系下的城市社区与空间更迭等议题,形成了大量研究成果。回望中国都市民族志研究的探索历程,洞察其发展趋势与整体特点,有助于进一步明晰该领域的研究进路。都市民族研究亟待立足中国社会,处理好中国与西方二重知识体系间的关系,在此基础上不断创新研究方法以回应都市议题对经典民族志范式构成的挑战;与此同时,增进研究的公共性,通过良性互动促进学科与社会的共同发展。

A multitude of ethnographic works based on urbanization and cultural phenomena in China have been emerging since the 1980s.On the one hand,these ethnographic works insist on dialogue with classic theories of their disciplines,on the other hand,they have actively explored the discourse space of urban studies based on local characteristics,and have formed a large number of research results around the topics of transnational population mobility and global localization,the situation of laborers under the countryside-urban migration,and the urban community and spatial change under the state-society relationship.Reviewing the exploration history of urban ethnography in China and gaining insights into its development trend and overall characteristics will help to further clarify the way forward for research in this field.That is to be based on Chinese society,to deal with the relationship between the dual knowledge systems of China and the West,to innovate research methods on this basis in order to respond to the challenges posed by urban issues to the classical ethnographic paradigm,and to enhance the public nature of the research,so as to promote the common development of the discipline and the society through benign interactions.