梅花茶窨制工艺创新及抗氧化能力研究

Research on Scenting Process Innovation and Antioxidant Capacity of Plum Blossom Tea

为获得梅花茶窨制最佳工艺,提高梅花附加值,研究以江梅、朱砂梅、绿萼梅及雨花茶为主要原料,开发不同品种的梅花茶。通过正交试验优化梅花茶窨制工艺,并对优化后的梅花茶品质化学成分、抗氧化性质、体外降血脂能力进行分析。结果显示,江梅茶最佳窨制条件:梅花开放程度80%、配花量1:5、窨制3次;朱砂梅茶最佳窨制条件:梅花开放程度80%、配花量1:5、窨制1次;绿萼梅茶最佳窨制条件:梅花开放程度20%、配花量1:3、窨制3次。在最佳窨制条件下,梅花茶的还原力为1.63~1.75、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率为92.64%~94.03%、2,2-联氨-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid),ABTS)阳离子自由基清除率为98.62%~99.80%、羟自由基清除率为76.90%~84.84%、亚硝酸盐清除率为47.31%~54.62%、亚硝胺合成阻断率为34.90%~42.55%。体外降血脂试验结果表明,梅花茶对牛磺胆酸盐与甘胺胆酸盐结合率分别为71.31%~85.09%和26.12%~89.65%。该工艺制备的梅花茶具有较好的抗氧化能力和体外降血脂能力,为花茶窨制工艺提供理论基础和技术指导。

In order to obtain the best scenting technology of plum blossom tea and increase the added value of plum blossom,research was conducted to develop different varieties of plum blossom tea using Prunus mume'Jiang Mei',Prunus mume f.purpurea T.Y.Chen,Prunus mume f.viridicalyx(Makino)T.Y.Chen and Yuhua Tea as the main raw materials.The optimum scenting conditions of different varieties of plum blossom tea were obtained by orthogonal test,and the chemical components of the optimized plum blossom tea quality,antioxidant properties,in vitro lipid-lowering ability were analyzed.The results showed that the optimum scenting conditions of Prunus mume'Jiang Mei'tea were as follows:opening degree 80%,flower weight percentage 1:5,scenting 3 times;The optimum scenting conditions of Prunus mume f.purpurea T.Y.Chen tea were:opening degree 80%,flower weight percentage 1:5,scenting 1 times;The optimum scenting conditions of Prunus mume f.viridicalyx(Makino)T.Y.Chen tea were as follows:opening degree 20%,flower weight percentage 1:3,scenting 3 times.Under the optimal scenting condition,the results showed that the reducing power were 1.63–1.75,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging rate were 92.64%–94.03%,2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radical cation scavenging rate were 98.62%–99.80%,hydroxyl radical scavenging rate were 76.90%–84.84%,nitrite scavenging rate were 47.31%–54.62%,nitroamine synthesis blocking rate were 34.90%–42.55%.The results of in vitro lipid-lowering experiments showed that the combination rate of taurocholate and glycocholate were 71.31%–85.09%and 26.12%–89.65%.The plum blossom tea prepared by this process has good antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering ability in vitro,which can provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for scenting technology of scented tea.