基于高通量测序分析石斑鱼冷藏期间的微生物菌群结构变化

Changes in Microbial Community Structure of Grouper During Refrigeration Based on High-Throughput Sequencing

为探究石斑鱼在4℃冷藏过程中微生物菌群结构的变化规律,实验采用Illumina高通量测序技术对冷藏0~9 d期间石斑鱼的细菌、古菌和真菌菌群多样性进行分析。Alpha多样性指数分析表明,在冷藏的各阶段鱼样中,各类微生物的菌群相对丰度与多样性由高至低依次为细菌>真菌>古菌。菌群结构分析表明,在石斑鱼冷藏期间各类微生物的主要优势菌群会发生一定演替,在冷藏过程中(第3~9天)相对丰度较为稳定的优势细菌菌群有Phenylobacterium、unclassified Clostridiales XIII、unclassified Ruminococcaceae和unclassified Clostridiales,优势古菌菌群有Methanothrix和Methanobacterium,优势真菌菌群有Issatchenkia、Rhizomucor、Cutaneotrichosporon和Disculoides。主成分分析表明,在鱼样冷藏期间(第3~9天)细菌菌群结构的差异变化小于古菌与真菌。对细菌组进行PICRUSt功能预测发现,在冷藏3 d后,与氨基酸代谢、信号转导、醇醛代谢、耐药转运、应答调控及离子转运相关的基因相对丰度明显上升。研究结果为进一步从微生物抑制机制上优化石斑鱼贮藏保鲜技术提供理论参考。

In order to investigate the changes in microbial community structure of grouper during 4℃refrigeration,Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was carried out to analyze the diversity of bacterial,archaea,and fungal communities of grouper during 0–9 days of refrigeration.Alpha diversity index analysis showed that the abundance and diversity of microbial communities in samples during different stages of refrigeration were in the order of bacteria,fungi,and archaea,from high to low.The microbial community structure analysis indicated that group succession was existent in the main dominant microbiota of various microorganisms in grouper during the refrigeration period.During the refrigeration process(3rd to 9th days),the relatively abundance stable dominant bacterial communities included Phenobacterium,unclassified Clostriales XIII,unclassified Ruminococcaceae,and unclassified Clostriales,the dominant archaea flora included Metanothrix and Metanobacterium,the dominant fungal communities included Issacchenkia,Rhizomucor,Cutaneotrichosporon,and Discolouides.Principal component analysis showed that there was a smaller difference in the structure of bacteria communities during 3–9 days of refrigeration compared to archaea and fungal.PICRUSt functional prediction of bacterial groups showed that after 3 days of refrigeration,a significantly increment was observed in the relative abundance of genes related to amino acid metabolism,signal transduction,aldol metabolism,drug resistance transport,response regulation,and ion transport.The results can provide theoretical reference for further optimizing the storage and preservation technology of grouper from the perspective of microbial inhibition mechanism.