跨声速压气机泄漏流预测数值模拟

Numerical simulation of transonic compressor leakage flow prediction

针对压气机试验过程中出现的一级转子前缘轮毂侧空腔泄漏问题,开展了基于多种封严篦齿以及封严空腔压力模型的数值模拟。结果表明,最大泄漏流量(供气端压力0.20MPa,齿端间隙1.00mm及篦齿数3的情况下)约为进口流量的1.8%,最高效率损失约为2.27%。封严篦齿两端封严腔的腔体效应对篦齿泄漏流量具有显著影响:随着篦齿封严齿端泄漏流量上升,齿端泄漏流速增大,泄漏流在出口腔体中呈射流状并迅速诱发腔体内的大尺度回流涡结构;泄漏至压气机的流量并不一定随篦齿齿端间隙的增大或封严两侧压力的上升而增加。

Numerical calculation was conducted based on various sealing labyrinth teeth and sealing cavity pressure models to address the leakage problem in the hub side cavity of the first stage rotor during compressor testing.The results show that the maximum leakage rate(with a pressure value of 0.2MPa at the gas supply end,a tooth end gap of 1mm,and 3 grate teeth)is about 1.8%of the inlet flow rate,and the maximum efficiency loss is about 2.27%.The cavity effect of the sealing cavities at both ends of the sealing teeth has a significant impact on the leakage rate of the teeth:as the leakage rate at the sealing teeth increases,the leakage flow velocity at the tooth end increases,and the leakage flow in the outlet cavity forms a jet shape and quickly induces a large-scale reflux vortex structure inside the cavity.The flow leaked to the compressor does not necessarily increase with the increase of the clearance between the teeth or the pressure on both sides of the sealing.