原发性肾病综合征患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平与病情、疾病转归的关系

Relationship between serum LXA4 and S100A4 levels and disease and disease outcome in children with primary nephrotic syndrome

目的探讨原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿血清脂氧素A4(LXA4)、S100钙结合蛋白A4(S100A4)水平与病情、疾病转归的关系。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月南京明基医院收治的168例PNS患儿为研究对象,另选取来南京明基医院体检的150例健康儿童为对照组,将PNS患儿根据疾病活动度分为缓解期组(n=73)与发作期组(n=95)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清LXA4、S100A4水平。患儿出院后连续随访1年,根据预后情况分为预后良好组(n=138)与预后不良组(n=30)。采用Spearman相关分析血清LXA4、S100A4水平与疾病活动度的关系,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清LXA4、S100A4对PNS患儿预后的预测价值;采用多因素Logistic回归分析PNS患儿预后的影响因素。结果缓解期组、发作期组血清LXA4、S100A4水平高于对照组,且发作期组血清LXA4、S100A4水平高于缓解期组(P<0.05)。PNS患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平与疾病活动度均呈正相关(r=0.593、0.546,P<0.05)。预后良好组PNS患儿血清LXA4、S100A4水平低于预后不良组(P<0.05)。血清LXA4、S100A4预测PNS患儿疾病转归的曲线下面积(95%CI)分别为0.767(0.756~0.888)、0.846(0.824~0.863),二者联合预测的曲线下面积(95%CI)为0.905(0.879~0.924)。预后不良组病理类型为肾炎型占比、24 h尿蛋白定量、血尿发生占比高于预后良好组,尿蛋白转阴时间长于预后良好组,病理类型为单纯型及总蛋白、IgM水平低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,有血尿发生(OR=2.300,95%CI 1.598~3.312)、24 h尿蛋白定量≥121.25 mg/24 h(OR=2.098,95%CI 1.489~2.956)、LXA4≥95.64 ng/L(OR=2.627,95%CI 1.737~3.973)、S100A4≥248.15 ng/L(OR=2.729,95%CI 1.777~4.192)是PNS患儿预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清S100A4、LXA4水平在PNS患儿中升高,且与疾病活动度及预后相关,有望作为评估PNS病情及预后的潜在标志物。

Objective To explore the relationship between serum lipoxygenin A4(LXA4)and S100 calc-binding protein A4(S100A4)levels and disease and disease outcome in children with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS).Methods A total of 168 children with PNS admitted to Nanjing Mingji Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the study objects,and 150 healthy children who came to Nanjing Mingji Hospital for physical examination were selected as the control group.The children with PNS were divided into remission group(n=73)and attack group(n=95)according to disease activity.Serum LXA4 and S100A4 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The patients were followed up for 1 year after discharge and were divided into good prognosis group(n=138)and poor prognosis group(n=30)according to the prognosis.Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between serum LXA4,S100A4 levels and disease activity.The predictive value of serum LXA4 and S100A4 in the prognosis of PNS children was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the prognostic factors of PNS children.Results The serum levels of LXA4 and S100A4 in the remission group and the attack group were higher than those in the control group,and the serum levels of LXA4 and S100A4 in the attack group were higher than those in the remission group(P<0.05).The serum levels of LXA4 and S100A4 were positively correlated with disease activity in children with PNS(r=0.593,0.546,P<0.05).The good prognosis group had significantly lower serum levels of LXA4 and S100A4 than the poor prognosis group(P<0.05).The area under the curve(95%CI)of serum LXA4 and S100A4 for predicting the outcome of PNS in children was 0.767(0.756-0.888)and 0.846(0.824-0.863),respectively.The area under the curve of the joint(95%CI)was 0.905(0.879-0.924).Compared with the good prognosis group,the poor prognosis group had significantly higher proportion of nephritis type,24 h urinary protein,hematuria,and urine protein clearance time,and significantly lower proportion of simple type,total protein,and IgM levels(P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hematuria(OR=2.300,95%CI 1.598-3.312),24 h urinary protein≥121.25 mg/24 h(OR=2.098,95%CI 1.489-2.956),LXA4≥95.64 ng/L(OR=2.627,95%CI 1.737-3.973),and S100A4≥248.15 ng/L(OR=2.729,95%CI 1.777-4.192)were risk factors for poor prognosis in children with PNS(P<0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of S100A4 and LXA4 are increased in children with PNS,and are related to disease activity and prognosis,which may be used as potential markers for evaluating the condition and prognosis of PNS.