青岛城区露水形成的影响因素及其产量评估模型研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Dew Formation and Evaluation Model of Dew Yield in Qingdao Urban Area

露水是中国北方春秋季常见的天气现象,但其形成条件和产量存在明显的区域差异。本文基于2021年春季和秋季在青岛城区采集的露水样品,探讨了气象因素和下垫面基质对露水发生及其产量的影响,并构建了露水产量定量估算的统计模型和神经网络模型。结果表明:弱风(<4 m/s)、较高的相对湿度(≥50%)、适宜的温差(1~7℃)以及南风和东南风是青岛城区露水凝结的有利条件。其中,相对湿度和温度是影响露水产量的最主要因素。不同下垫面的辐射冷却强度存在差异,导致了露水凝结产量的不同,玻璃表面的露水产量比土壤表面高约34%,而粉粒土壤表面的露水产量相较于砂粒土壤表面高约13%。使用多元线性回归分析和人工神经网络方法对青岛城区的露水产量进行了评估,两种方法均表现出较好的模拟效果(R2分别为0.73和0.78)。

Dew is a common weather phenomenon in spring and autumn in northern China.But its formation conditions and yield have obvious regional differences.Based on the dew samples collected in the urban area of Qingdao in the spring and autumn of 2021,this paper discusses the effects of meteorological factors and underlying substrate on the occurrence and yield of dew,and constructs a statistical model and a neural network model to quantitatively estimate the dew yield.The results show that weak wind(<4 m/s),high relative humidity(≥50%),suitable temperature difference(1~7℃),and southerly and southeast wind are the favorable conditions for dew condensation in Qingdao urban area.Among them,relative humidity and temperature are the most important factors affecting dew yield.The radiation cooling intensity of different underlying surfaces is different,resulting in different condensation yield of dew.The dew yield of glass surface is about 34%higher than that of soil surface,while the dew yield of silt soil surface is about 13%higher than that of sand soil surface.Multiple linear regression analysis and artificial neural network method were used to evaluate the dew yield in Qingdao urban area,and both methods showed good simulation results(R 2=0.73 and 0.76,respectively).