线粒体功能异常在子宫内膜异位症相关不孕中的研究进展

Research Progress in the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endometriosis-Associated Infertility

子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis, EMT)作为一种常见的妇科良性疾病,是导致女性不孕的重要原因,从多个方面影响女性生育力。线粒体被称为“细胞动力工厂”,在细胞能量代谢、钙稳态、氧化应激、自噬、调控细胞周期及细胞死亡等生理过程中扮演重要角色,参与多种疾病的发生、发展。线粒体具有高度动态性,不断进行着分裂和融合的循环,以满足细胞活动所需,线粒体动力学平衡对正常女性生殖功能十分重要。此外,线粒体还是细胞内活性氧类(reactive oxygen species, ROS)的主要来源,EMT患者体内氧化-抗氧化系统失衡,其介导的细胞损伤、细胞死亡、纤维化等可以导致卵母细胞质量下降、卵巢储备降低。目前,EMT相关不孕的发病机制及其治疗仍是一个具有挑战性和争议性的话题。本文就线粒体功能异常在EMT相关不孕中研究进展及潜在治疗靶点进行综述。

Endometriosis(EMT),a common benign gynecological disease,is a leading cause of infertility in women.EMT affects female fertility in various aspects.However,the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.Mitochondria are known as the"powerhouse"of a cell.They play pivotal roles in the physiological processes of cellular energy metabolism,calcium homeostasis,oxidative stress,autophagy,the regulation of cell cycle,and cell death,and are involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases.Cellular mitochondria are highly dynamic,continuously undergoing cyclic fission and fusion to meet the demands of cellular activities.Balanced mitochondrial dynamics are critical for maintaining normal reproductive function in women.In addition,mitochondria are the major source of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Cell damage,cell death,and fibrosis mediated by the imbalance in the oxidative-antioxidant system in EMT patients lead to decreased oocyte quality and ovarian reserve.Currently,the treatment of EMT-associated infertility remains a challenging and controversial topic.We herein reviewed the latest findings on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in EMT-associated infertility and the potential therapeutic targets.