α-酮戊二酸在代谢综合征中的研究进展

Latest Findings on the Role ofα-Ketoglutarate in Metabolic Syndrome

酮戊二酸(alpha-ketoglutarate, α-KG)是三羧酸循环的内源性中间代谢产物,参与多种细胞代谢途径,作为能量供体、氨基酸前体、表观遗传调控因子发挥作用。α-KG还具有免疫调控、缓解氧化应激、延缓衰老等生理功能。近年来,研究发现体内α-KG水平与代谢综合征,如肥胖和高血糖等病理因素密切相关。外源性补充α-KG可以改善代谢综合征相关的肥胖程度、血糖水平以及心血管疾病风险等,同时参与调节代谢综合征共同的病理机制,提示α-KG在代谢综合征中的潜在应用价值。本文以α-KG和代谢综合征为主题,结合最新研究发现,综述α-KG在改善代谢综合征的病理发生和疾病发展等方面的研究动态,为进一步探究α-KG在代谢综合征中的应用提供理论基础。未来研究或围绕代谢综合征的共同致病机理,研究α-KG能否实现代谢综合征的“异病同治”的治疗目标。

Alpha-ketoglutarate(α-KG),an endogenous intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle,is involved in a variety of cellular metabolic pathways.It serves as an energy donor,a precursor of amino acid biosynthesis,and an epigenetic regulator.α-KG plays physiological functions in immune regulation,oxidative stress,and anti-aging as well.In recent years,it has been reported that the level ofα-KG in the body is closely associated with metabolic syndrome,including obesity,hyperglycemia,and other pathological factors.Exogenous supplementation ofα-KG improves obesity,blood glucose levels,and cardiovascular disease risks associated with metabolic syndrome.Furthermore,α-KG regulates the common pathological mechanisms of metabolic syndrome,suggesting the potential application prospect ofα-KG in metabolic syndrome.In order to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the application ofα-KG in metabolic syndrome,we focused onα-KG and metabolic syndrome in this article and summarized the latest research progress in the role ofα-KG in improving the pathological condition and disease progression of metabolic syndrome.For the next step,researchers may focus on the co-pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and investigate whetherα-KG can be used to achieve the therapeutic goal of"homotherapy for heteropathy"in the treatment of metabolic syndrome.