中国数字产业发展的空间溢出效应及收敛性研究——基于企业大数据的考察

Research of Spatial Spillover Effects and Convergence of Digital Industry Development in China——Based on the Big Data of Enterprise

充分释放数字产业发展的溢出红利对于网络强国和数字中国建设具有重要意义。本文基于数字经济相关企业大数据测度数字产业发展水平,并通过构建数字技术距离加权矩阵的单区制和两区制空间杜宾模型,从全国和不同区域两个视角实证探究中国数字产业发展的空间溢出效应及空间收敛性。研究表明:数字产业发展存在空间非对称溢出效应,数字产业发展水平高的地区对低水平地区的梯度空间溢出效应以扩散效应为主,整体呈现出“一荣俱荣、一损俱损”的发展格局。分地区来看,南方地区数字产业发展的空间溢出效应大于北方地区,且梯度扩散效应更明显。收敛性分析表明,全国以及南北方地区数字产业的发展均存在σ收敛和绝对与条件β收敛,收敛速度南快北慢。此外,数字基础设施、数字创新的内在驱动因素和政府数字发展关注度、数字金融以及城镇化水平等外在环境因素对数字产业发展及其收敛的影响存在显著空间异质性。

Fully releasing the spillover dividends of digital industry development is of great significance for the construction of the"Internet Power"strategy and digital China.Based on the big data of digital economy-related enterprises to measure the level of digital industry development,this paper constructs single-region and two-region spatial Durbin models with digital technology distance weighting matrices,to empirically explored the spatial spillover effect and spatial convergence of China's digital industry development from the national and different regional perspectives.Research shows that there is a spatial asymmetric spillover effect in the development of digital industry,and the gradient spatial spillover effect of regions with high level of development of digital industry on regions with low level of development is dominated by the dffusion effect,and the whole shows the development pattern of"Rise of Fall Together"model.Sub-regionally,the spatial spillover effect of digital industry development in the southern region is larger than that in the northern region,and the gradient diffusion effect is more obvious.Convergence analysis shows that there is convergence and absoluteβconvergence and conditionalβconvergence in the development of the digital industry across the country as well as in the north and south regions,and the rate of convergence is faster in the south and slower in the north.In addition,there is significant spatial heterogeneity in the impact of intrinsic drivers of digital infrastructure,digital innovation,and extrinsic environmental factors such as the government's attention to digital development,digital finance,and the level of urbanization on the development of digital industries and their convergence.