摘要
“本能”是区分或关联人与动物的基本概念,看似不言自明,其实很难把握。它经历了漫长的概念演进过程,曾在自然/本性、刺激/灵感、自然本能、驱力、行为等诸多概念之间辗转,也曾在达尔文的进化论中驻足。在当下有关生命和动物问题的讨论中,本能概念的必要性和复杂性再度凸显,可谓其在人性与动物性之辨中起落沉浮的写照。本能的本质还悬而未决,概念演进之旅也远未告终。漫游在上述各概念之间,我们会发现,围绕本能的讨论形成了一个“西方哲学的人类学机器”贯穿始终的引力场,本能就是这一人类学机器孕育出的“临界概念”。
As a fundamental concept for distinguishing humans from or associating them with animals,instinct is more challenging to comprehend than it appears.Once found its place within Darwin's theory of evolution,instinct has undergone a lengthy process of conceptual evolution,traversing between poois,instinctus,instinctu naturae,Trieb,and behavior.In current discussions concerning life and animals,the necessity and complexity of the instinct concept are once again highlighted,reflecting its ebb and flow in the protracted debate about the relationship between humanity and animality.The essence of instinct remains undecided,and its journey of conceptual evolution is far from concluded.As we meander through the aforementioned concepts,we may discover that discussions surrounding instinct have formed a gravitational field pervaded by the"Western philosophy's anthropological machine,"and instinct can be seen as a"Grenzbegriff"produced by this machine.
作者
郭峰
Guo Feng(Research Institute of Foreign Literature,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing,China)
出处
《外国文学》
北大核心
2024年第3期99-111,共13页
Foreign Literature
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“文化诗学视域下的21世纪西方文论思潮研究”(16JJD750010)
北京外国语大学“双一流”建设重大标志性项目“20世纪以来的西方文学理论”(2022SYLZD042)。
