浙北地区典型饮用水水源地优先污染物筛选

Identification of priority pollutants for typical drinking water sources in northern Zhejiang province

有效识别饮用水源中具有潜在危害的优先污染物,是防范水源地环境风险,保障人类饮水安全的重要举措。在对浙北地区6个典型饮用水水源地七大类350种初筛污染物进行全指标监测的基础上,选取污染物的环境检出水平(O)、持久性(P)、生物累积性(B)、水生生物毒性(E)和人体健康毒性(H)等5个评价指标,采用综合评分法构建典型饮用水水源地优先污染物清单。结果表明:浙北地区6个饮用水水源地中七大类物质环境检出水平均较低,饮用水水质较为安全。优先污染物清单包含44种物质,其中综合得分较高的前10种物质优先性排序依次为全氟辛酸、全氟十四酸、滴滴涕、苯并(a)芘、氟啶脲、毒死蜱、除虫脲、二苯并(a, h)蒽、六氯苯和六氯环戊二烯。七大类污染物的优先性排序为PFAS>PAHs>PRs>SVOCs>ANTs>HMs>VOCs。不同地区地表水源地有必要基于污染物的OPBEH等毒害性参数,定期筛选更新优先污染物清单,以精准识别需要重点管控的潜在有毒有害物质,保护水生生物多样性和提升饮水安全水平。

Effective identification of potentially hazardous priority pollutants is important for preventing environmental risks in drinking water sources.Based on the full-indicator monitoring of 350 initial screening pollutants of 7 categories in 6 typical drinking water sources in northern Zhejiang,the multi-criteria scoring method involved in the occurrence(O),persistence(P),bioaccumulation(B)、ecotoxocity(E)and human health toxicity(H),was established for pollutants prioritization in drinking water sources and applied in northern Zhejiang.Results showed that the detection frequencies of the 7 major groups of substances in the 6 drinking water sources in northern Zhejiang were low,and the drinking water is safe.The priority pollulant list included 44 chemicals,of which the top 10 substances with the highest overall ranking scores were perfluorooctanoic acid,perfluorotetradecanoic acid,dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane,benzo(a)pyrene,fluridifluralin,chlorpyrifos,pyrethrum,dibenzo(a,h)anthracene,hexachlorobenzene and hexachlorocyclopentadiene.The prioritization of the seven major groups of pollutants was PFAS>PAHs>PRs>SVOCs>ANTs>HMs>VOCs.It is necessary to screen high priority groups and revise the existing list for drinking water sources regularly,based on evaluation factors such as OPBEH of pollutants in different regions,thus accurately identify potentially hazardous substances and enhance the level of drinking water safety.