污水生化处理工艺发展阶段化技术特征及未来趋势

Technical characteristics and development trend of different stages of wastewater biological treatment process

百余年来,伴随人类社会和科技日新月异,污水生化处理技术也在实现快速发展与不断迭代,新工艺与新反应器、新功能微生物与新生化代谢途径不断被提出、发现和解析,并进一步推动了污水处理技术的进步与升级。回顾了过去百余年污水生化处理技术发展历程,就典型污水生化工艺,结合技术研发进展、技术成熟度及案例应用情况,给出了不同生化处理工艺代际划分与技术发展期“S曲线”,分析了近些年来新涌现出的一些革新性污水生化处理工艺的技术原理、技术特征,结合实际案例分析了工艺技术特征、技术优势与总体效能,从工艺强化、绿色低碳与集约高效等方面总结了未来污水处理发展的技术趋势,以期为“双碳背景”下排水系统提质增效工作、未来国内前瞻性污水厂工艺设计与运行提供参考和借鉴。

For more than 1oo years,with the rapid development of hμman society and science and technology,sewage biochemical treatment technology is also achieving rapid development and continuous iteration,new processes and new reactors,new functional microorganisms and new biochemical metabolism pathways are constantly proposed,discovered and analyzed,and further promote the progress and upgrade of sewage treatment technology.The development history of wastewater biochemical treatment technology in the past hundred years was reviewed,and the"S curve"representing the intergenerational technical characteristics and technological development period of different biochemical treatment processes was given in combination with different techno logical maturity and case applications,and the future technological trend of wastewater treatment development was summarized from the aspects of process strengthening,green,low carbon and intensive and efficient.This paper analyzes the technical principles and characteristics of some innovative wastewater biochemical treatment processes in recent years,and analyzes the efficiency and technical advantages combined with practical cases,in order to provide reference for the quality and efficiency improvement of drainage system under the"carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutrality"and the process design and operation of domestic wastewater plants in the future.