玛曲尼玛社区多民族经济交往探究

Research on Multi-Ethnic Economic Exchanges in Maqu Nima Community

民族交往是以经济性互动为基础的交往,经济互动将伴随民族发展始终。以尼玛社区民族关系的核心机制——生计互嵌和在这种机制中发挥纽带作用的藏族经济生活为主线,追溯多民族经济交往历史,提出多民族共生是基于经济互补,以交换互惠为原则展开的持久稳定的民族交往。通过对商品贸易、民族企业经营、经济扶持等多维的族群互动行为考察,概括出多民族经济交往呈现开放与竞争、互嵌互融、互助与互惠的特征。基于经济交往族际关系的多向延伸,进一步提出,语言的互学互鉴、社会关系网络的调适与延展、地方性知识内涵的认同等现实思考。

Ethnic interactions are based on economic interactions,and economic interactions will accompany the entire development process of ethnic groups.Taking the core mechanism of ethnic relations in the Nima community—livelihood interdependence—and the Tibetan economic activities that serve as a link in this mechanism as the main thread,this study traces the history of multi-ethnic economic exchanges.It proposes that multi-ethnic coexistence is based on economic complementarity and is developed around the principle of reciprocal exchange,leading to enduring and stable ethnic interactions.By examining various forms of ethnic interaction,such as commodity trade,ethnic enterprise operations,and economic support,this study summarizes that multi-ethnic economic exchanges exhibit characteristics of openness and competition,mutual embedding and integration,as well as mutual assistance and reciprocity.Based on the multidirectional extension of interethnic relations in economic exchanges,further propositions include practical considerations such as mutual learning and mutual appreciation of languages,adjustment and extension of social relationship networks,and identification with local knowledge connotations.