地积累指数评价法在典型废弃矿区生态修复开发中的应用

Reasearch on the Application of Geo-Accumulation Index Evaluation Method in Ecological Restoration and Development of Typical Abandoned Mining Areas

文章对崇左市某废弃矿区的9个土壤样品进行取样分析,采用地积累指数评价法和潜在生态风险评价法,对矿区土壤重金属含量特征、污染状况等内容进行研究。研究结果显示:土壤中Cu(铜)、Cr(铬)平均含量低于广西土壤背景值;Cd(镉)、Zn(锌)、Pb(铅)平均含量超过广西土壤背景值,其中Cd的平均含量最高;表层土壤5种元素变异系数均在10%~30%范围内,属中等变异;地积累指数显示,Cd和Pb的污染程度分别为偏中度污染和轻度污染,其余3种元素均为无污染;5种重金属污染物属于轻微生态风险等级,但矿区总体属于中等生态风险等级。基于此,文章认为矿山生态修复和二次开发要结合当地实际情况,考虑土壤特征,合理确定生态修复和旅游开发目标,以有序推进资源枯竭型矿区产业结构转型升级。

This article adopts geo-accumulation index evaluation method and potential ecological risk evaluation method to to study the heavy metal content and pollution status of nine soil samples from an abandoned mining area in Chongzuo City.The research findings suggest that the average content of Cu(copper)and Cr(chromium)in soil is lower than the background value of Guangxi soil,while that of Cd(cadmium),Zn(zinc),and Pb(lead)exceeds the soil background value,with Cd being the highest;The coefficient of variation of the five elements is within the range of 10%to 30%,belonging to moderate variation;The geo-accumulation index shows that the pollution levels of Cd and Pb are moderately and mild,respectively,while the other three elements are pollution-free;The five heavy metal pollutants belong to the mild ecological risk level,while the overall risk level of the mining area is moderate.Based on this,it's believed that ecological restoration and secondary development of mines should take local conditions,specially soil conditions into consideration,so as to set feasible restoration and tourism development goals and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure in resource depleted mining areas.