差异化收费下货车空车出行选择行为研究

Empty Freight Vehicle Choice Behavior Research under Differentiated Tolls

为制定高速公路货车空车差异化收费策略提供理论基础,解决高速公路货车由计重收费调整为车型收费导致货车空车分流的问题。本文构建基于逻辑回归模型和随机效用最大化理论的货车空车出行选择行为模型,以高速公路和平行老路构成的运输通道为例,分析货车空车在差异化收费场景下的出行选择行为及影响因素。研究结果表明,高速公路费率折扣率对各类货车空车出行选择影响最为显著,此外,车籍地对一类、四类货车空车出行选择影响较大,云南籍一类、外省籍四类货车空车在高速公路费率折扣率下倾向于继续走老路;运输类型对二类、三类和六类货车空车出行选择影响较大,跨省运输的二类和六类货车空车、省内运输的三类货车空车在高速公路费率折扣率下倾向于改变出行路径走高速公路。

To provide a theoretical basis for formulating differentiated toll collection strategies for empty trucks on highways,and to solve the problem of empty truck diversion caused by the adjustment of toll collection from weight based to vehicle type based on highway trucks,this article constructs a travel choice behavior model for empty trucks based on logistic regression model and stochastic utility maximization theory.Taking a transportation channel composed of highways and parallel old roads as an example,it analyzes the travel choice behavior and influencing factors of empty trucks in differentiated toll scenarios.The research results indicate that the discount rate of highway rates has the most significant impact on the choice of empty vehicle travel for various types of trucks.In addition,the place of origin of the vehicle has a greater impact on the choice of empty vehicle travel for Class I and Class IV trucks.Yunnan's Class I and Class IV trucks from other provinces tend to continue to follow the old path under the discount rate of highway rates.The type of transportation has a significant impact on the choice of empty vehicles for Class 2,Class 3,and Class 6 trucks.Empty vehicles for Class 2 and Class 6 trucks transported across provinces,and empty vehicles for Class 3 trucks transported within provinces tend to change their travel paths on highways under the discount rate of highway rates.