相变微胶囊材料导热增强研究进展

Research progress on thermal conductivity enhancement of microencapsulated phase change materials

相变微胶囊是将相变材料包封在壳材中,有效解决了相变材料的泄漏等问题,是一种性能良好的相变储能材料,在热能储存领域具有广泛的应用。但壳材的存在削弱了内部相变材料与外部环境间的热传导,降低了相变微胶囊的热导率,制约了其实际应用范围。因此,对相变微胶囊进行改性是增强导热的有效途径。该文介绍了相变微胶囊的组成与结构,并从声子-声子与电子-声子相互作用的角度概述微观尺度下的导热机理;从芯材和壳材两方面对相变微胶囊导热增强改性进行了阐述,通过定量数据和导热机理对改性相变微胶囊的导热增强效果进行了分析;概括了改性相变微胶囊在纺织调温、浆料和建筑领域中的应用;最后,对相变微胶囊导热性能增强的研究前景和挑战以及实际应用方向进行了展望。

Microencapsulated phase change materials(MEPCMs)are a kind of phase change energy storage materials with good performance,which are widely used in the field of heat energy storage,and can effectively solve the problem of phase change material leakage.However,the existence of shell materials weakens the heat conduction between the inner phase change material and the external environment,reduces the thermal conductivity of phase change microcapsules,and restricts its practical application range.Hence,modification of MEPCMs as a widely adopted way can effectively enhance the thermal conductivity of MEPCMs.Firstly,components and structure of MEPCMs were introduced,and microscopic thermal conduction mechanisms from phonon-phonon and electron-phonon interaction perspective were elaborated.Secondly,recent advances in thermal conductivity enhancement by modifying the shell and core materials were analyzed by quantitative experimental results and microcosmic mechanism.Then,the application of modified phase change microcapsules in textile temperature control,slurry and construction was summarized.Finally,the main outlooks and challenges of modified MEPCMs and applications were outlined.