舰船水平向冲击环境测量仪研制

Instrument development for measuring horizontal shock environment of ships

舰船设备的冲击环境测量是实船及模型水下爆炸试验研究中的一项重要内容,但多方向冲击输入载荷的耦合效应使获取可靠的水平向冲击环境数据成为难题。为此,从适配测量装置垂向与水平向刚度的角度出发,参照现有低频簧片仪安装频率分布,并以水平式强碰撞冲击机考核冲击环境为指标,开展两端固支梁式、偏心轮式水平向冲击环境测量仪的设计工作,建立水平向冲击载荷作用下两种形式簧片的单自由度系统运动方程,并推导出簧片冲击响应与冲击位移谱成正比关系,则通过测量簧片冲击响应即可推算出安装部位的冲击环境。在此基础上,设计系列满足安装频率分布要求的簧片,并加工水平向冲击环境测量仪原理样机。通过水平式强碰撞冲击机试验检测,水平向冲击环境测量仪与加速度计获取的冲击环境数据可以相互验证,测量仪设计是合理有效的。

The measurement of the on-board equipment’s shock environment is an important content in the underwater-explosion tests of ships and models.But,gaining the reliable horizontal shock environment is a challenge because of the multi-direction shock loads’coupling.For this reason,the instruments based on the clamped-clamped beam and eccentric-cam are designed for measuring horizontal shock environment according to the installation frequency range of the low frequency reed instrument and the examination environment of the horizontal-direction shock machine from the adaptation of vertical and horizontal stiffness.The single degree-of-freedom system’s motion equation of two reeds are established.The proportional relationship of the reeds’impact response and the shock displacement spectrum are derived.Then,the shock environment of the installation position can be calculated by measuring the the reeds’impact response.On this basis,the series reeds meeting the installation frequency requirements and the prototype of the measuring horizontal shock environment instrument are designed and developed.Through the shock tests on the horizontal-direction shock machine,the measured dates obtained by the measuring horizontal shock environment instrument and the accelerometer can verify each other.The results show that the design of the measuring horizontal shock environment instrument is reasonable and available.