机车空压机皮带张紧程度检测方案设计

Design of Measurement Device for Belt Tension of Locomotive Air Compressor

铁路机车普遍采用空气制动方式,空气制动的风源来自空压机,空压机与动力源之间采用带传动。带传动设计中皮带松紧程度是必须考虑的问题,皮带安装过松或过紧均会产生不良影响。皮带安装过松会出现打滑现象,影响传动效果;皮带安装过紧会增加磨损,减少皮带使用寿命。带传动设计时对带传动松紧程度的判断是通过皮带受力与挠度大小来判断的,通过计算可以得出皮带应该施加力的大小与挠度。但是,在皮带实际安装过程中,由于无法准确测量皮带的受力和挠度,皮带松紧程度通常通过用手按压来判断,导致空压机皮带松紧程度不合理。为了确保空压机皮带安装张紧程度适中,文章设计了一种皮带张紧程度检测方案,该方案通过分别检测皮带安装的压力与挠度,进而判断皮带松紧程度是否符合安装要求。该方案操作方便、成本低廉,可实现空压机皮带张紧程度检测功能。

Air braking is generally adopted in railway locomotives.The air source of air braking comes from air compressor,and belt transmission is adopted between air compressor and power source.In the design of belt drive,the tightness of the belt must be considered.Too loose or too tight belt installation will have adverse effects.If the belt is too loose,it will slip and affect the transmission effect.Belt installation too tight will increase wear and reduce belt life.In the design of belt drive,the tightness of the belt drive is judged by the force and deflection of the belt,and the force and deflection of the belt can be obtained by calculation.However,in the actual installation process of the belt,because the force and deflection of the belt can not be accurately measured,the tightness of the belt is usually judged by pressing by hand,resulting in an unreasonable tightness of the air compressor belt.In order to ensure the moderate tension degree of air compressor belt installation,this paper designs a belt tension degree detection scheme,which determines whether the belt tightness meets the installation requirements by detecting the pressure and deflection of the belt installation respectively.The scheme is convenient in operation and low in cost,and can realize the function of detecting the tension degree of air compressor belt.