舒洛地特失活YAP减轻大鼠动静脉瘘新生内膜增生

Sulodexide inhibits neointimal hyperplasia of arteriovenous fistulas in rats through inactivation of YAP

目的研究舒洛地特(sulodexide,SDX)对慢性肾脏疾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)大鼠动静脉瘘(arteriovenous fistula,AVF)新生内膜增生的作用及调节机制。方法选取体质量(300±50)g雄性大鼠18只,随机分为3组(n=6):AVF组,对正常大鼠进行AVF手术;慢性肾病组(CKD+AVF),大鼠经诱导慢性肾病后进行AVF手术+生理盐水灌胃2月;舒洛地特组(CKD+AVF+SDX),大鼠经诱导慢性肾病后进行AVF手术+8 mg/(kg·d)SDX灌胃2月。HE染色检测血管内膜增生程度,免疫荧光检测Hippo信号通路相关分子YAP、pYAP、YAP下游靶蛋白间充质细胞标志分子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)表达情况。以不同浓度SDX(0、2.5、5、10、20、40μg/mL)处理人脐静脉细胞融合细胞(EAHy926),并以2.5μg/mL SDX分别处理细胞24、48、72 h,用CCK-8法检测细胞存活率。进一步利用CKD大鼠血清处理细胞,并在此基础上用SDX及YAP阻断剂维替泊芬处理,通过Western blot实验检测YAP、pYAP、CTGF及内皮细胞标志分子CD31表达。结果HE染色及免疫荧光结果表明,与AVF组大鼠相比,慢性肾病组大鼠瘘口处内膜严重增生(P<0.05),pYAP表达微弱而CTGF表达增强,舒洛地特组经SDX灌胃处理后内膜增生减轻,pYAP表达增强,CTGF表达水平降低(P<0.05)。CCK-8结果表明,随SDX浓度及处理时间的增加,细胞存活率降低(P<0.05)。Western blot结果发现,SDX促进EAHy926细胞pYAP及CD31的表达,抑制了CTGF的表达(P<0.05),与维替泊芬处理效果一致。结论舒洛地特通过阻止CKD引起的YAP激活,减轻了AVF血管内膜增生。

Objective To explore the role of sulodexide(SDX)in neointimal hyperplasia of arteriovenous fistulas(AVFs)in chronic kidney disease(CKD)rats and its possible mechanism.Methods A total of 18 male rats(weighing 300±50 g)were randomly and equally divided into AVF group,CKD+AVF group(CKD induction followed by AVF surgery and then gavaged with normal saline for 2 months),and CKD+AVF+SDX group[treated as in the CKD+AVF group but with 8 mg/(kg·d)SDX gavage].HE staining was used to observe the degree of neointimal hyperplasia.The expression of Hippo pathway related molecules,Yes-associated protein(YAP),pYAP and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF,YAP downstream target protein,one of mesenchymal marker)was detected by immunofluorescence assay.After human umbilical vein cell fusion EAHy926 cells were treated with 0,2.5,5,10,20 or 40μg/mL SDX for 24 h,and with 2.5μg/mL SDX for 24,48 or 72 h,respectively,CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell survival rate.Moreover,the serum sample from CKD rat was used to treat EAHy926 cells,and then the cells were treated with SDX or YAP inhibitor verteporfin.The expression levels of YAP,pYAP,CTGF and endothelial cell marker CD31 were detected by Western blotting.Results HE staining and immunofluorescence assay showed that CKD rats had serious neointimal hyperplasia in AVFs(P<0.05),and slightly lower expression of pYAP and enhanced expression of CTGF(P<0.05)when compared with the rats of the AVF group.While,SDX treatment alleviated the neointimal hyperplasia of AVFs,enhanced the expression of pYAP and reduced the expression of CTGF(P<0.05).CCK-8 assay showed that cell survival rate was decreased significantly in a dose-and time-dependent manner after SDX treatment(P<0.05).Western blotting revealed that SDX increased the expression of pYAP and CD31 while inhibited the expression of CTGF in EAHy926 cells(P<0.05),which was consistent with the effect of verteporfin treatment.Conclusion SDX can block YAP activation caused by CKD and attenuate neointimal hyperplasia in AVFs.