唐前七言诗体的演进--兼论七古艺术形式的革新

The Evolution of the Seven-Character Poetry in Pre-Tang Period:Also on the Innovation of the Artistic Form of Seven-Character Ancient-Style Poetry

在诵读节奏与审美追求的双重主导下,七言句式由四三结构统摄了其他的节奏类型,促进了早期七言体整饬的齐言形制和句句押韵格式的应用。但其“单”“瘦”的审美特征也限制了其表现维度和抒情能力。魏晋诗人通过重新引入乐府杂言句式,以转韵手法解决了诗节分层问题,部分突破了句句押韵的限制,丰富了句式构型,对七古篇制的新变亦产生了重要影响。在南朝后期诗人“复古”理想与乐府新声的影响下,七言诗体还突破了旧有的“俗小”观念的限制,梁陈诗人在古体与新体间相互转换搭配的试验,实现了七言诗体的古近转型,促进了七古艺术形式的革新。

Under the dual guidance of rhythm and aesthetic pursuit,the seven-character line pattern was dominated by“four plus three”pattern rather than others,which promotes the application of the seven-character paltern and trhymed in the early period.However,the aesthetic characteristics of being“tmonotonous”and“thin”also limited the expresive nsion and lyrical ability of this style.The poets of the Wei and Jin dynast ies solved the problem of verse stratification by roducing the Y uefu miscellaneous sentence pattern and using the rhyme transfer technique,parially breaking through estriction of sentence rhyme,enriching the sentence structure,and also having an important impact on the new changes ne seven ancient prose system.It is worth noting that under the dual influence of the poet's“retro”ideal and the new d of Yuefu in the Southerm Dynasties,the seven-character poetry also broke through the limitations of the old concept of gar and small .Poets tried to lransform and match each other bet ween the ancient and new styles,realizing the lransfor-on of the seven-character poetry from ancient to reg ulated styles,and promoting the innovation of the artistic forms of n-character ancient-style poetry.