山河受难与文化磁场——抗战时期海派知识分子在桂林的精神图景

Suffering of"Mountains and Rivers"and Cultural Magnetism:Spirit of the Haipai Intellectuals in Guilin During the Anti-Japanese War

从1938年10月广州和武汉沦陷,到1944年9月湘桂大撤退,桂林凭借其在地理、交通、政治上享有的独特优势,汇聚了中国大批知识分子,书店出版事业、文学创作、戏剧、绘画、音乐、抗战爱国文化运动等随之蓬勃发展。桂林由此成为一个离散文化人身心栖息的场域,也成为中国的抗战文化城。尤其是一批海派知识分子,他们在日军空袭的暴力威胁下办岩洞学校,开展岩洞教育,筹办书社,创刊办报,开垦文化园地,传承中华文化,守护文明之火,在战火中求生存,在山河受难中追求超越时空的精神自由,与时代、社会展开抗争,并最大限度凝聚同道,形成文化磁场,创造出了桂林山水间一个个富有现代意义的全新文化空间。

During the period from the fall of Guangzhou and Wuhan in October 1938 to the Xiang-Gui retreat in September 1944,Guilin,by virtue of its unique advantages in geography,transportation,and politics,gathered a large number of Chinese intellectuals,and the bookstore,publishing business,literary creation,theater,painting,music,and patriotic cultural movement flourished,making Guilin a place for the physical and mental shelter of discrete intellectuals,and a cultural city in the war.Especially a group of Haipai intellectuals,who set up cavern schools,published books,magazines and newspapers,inherited Chinese culture,guarded the flame of civilization,survived in the war,pursued spiritual freedom,fought with the times and the society,and maximized cohesion of fellow believers to form a cultural magnetism,creating a modern cultural city in the war.A brand new cultural space with modern significance is created in Guilin.