数字经济发展、产业结构转型与劳动收入份额提升——基于人力资本的调节视角

Digital Economy Development,Industrial Structure Transformation and Labor Income Share Improvement:The Adjustment Perspective Based on Human Capital

本文构建多部门一般均衡模型,将数字经济、产业结构、劳动收入份额三者纳入统一分析框架,梳理数字经济发展影响产业结构从而内生决定劳动收入份额的理论机制。定量模拟显示,数字经济发展能够促进产业结构转型,但对劳动收入份额的影响方向取决于人力资本水平高低。进一步基于我国286个城市的面板数据展开实证检验,发现目前我国数字经济发展可以显著促进产业结构转型,但不利于劳动收入份额提升,人力资本水平提升能够驱动数字经济发挥兼顾结构转型与共同富裕双重目标的效能,这一结论在一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。此外,异质性检验表明我国城市数字经济发展对产业结构转型和劳动收入份额的影响及人力资本在其中的调节作用存在不平衡特征。本文为充分挖掘数字经济潜能,强化人力资本引领作用,统筹推进产业结构转型和劳动收入份额提升提供启示。

A multi-sector general equilibrium model is constructed to integrate the digital economy,industrial structure and labor income share into a unified analysis framework,and sort out the theoretical mechanism of how the development of digital economy affects the industrial structure and thus endogenously determines the labor income share.Quantitative simulation shows that the development of digital economy can promote industrial structure transformation,but the direction of influence on labor income share depends on the level of human capital.Further empirical test based on panel data of 286 cities in China shows that the development of digital economy in China can significantly promote industrial structure transformation,but it is not conducive to the increase of labor income share.The improvement of human capital can drive the digital economy to give play to the effectiveness of balancing the dual goals of structural transformation and common prosperity.This conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests.In addition,the heterogeneity test shows that the influence of digital economy development on industrial structure transformation and labor income share and the moderating role of human capital exhibit imbalanced characteristics.This paper provides inspiration for fully tapping the potential of digital economy,strengthening the leading role of human capital,and coordinating efforts to pursue the industrial structure transformation and labor income share improvement.