中国城乡融合发展的国际比较、本土特征及路径选择

International Comparison,Local Characteristics and Path Selection of China’s Integrated Urban-Rural Development

加快推进城乡融合发展是中国破解社会主要矛盾和实现共同富裕的重要举措。基于国际视野来阐释中国城乡融合发展问题,可以发现中国城乡融合发展是理论逻辑与本土特征相互作用的结果。从时序意义上看,中国城乡关系正由割裂对立走向融合发展,但二元结构失衡问题仍然存在。从国际比较来看,中国城乡融合发展遵循一般规律,但农业农村发展绩效、城乡发展差距等维度呈现的独特性更值得研究。人多地少的禀赋条件、本土化的要素组合方式和社会主义经济制度等,是形成中国城乡融合发展独特性的关键因素。新时代中国推进更高水平、更高质量的城乡融合发展应注重四个方面,即:客观评价和准确把握其历史方位,立足国情和制度背景选择其实践路径,增强政策的组合功能和制度之间的协同效应,坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度。

Accelerating the integrated development of urban and rural areas is an important measure for China to break the social principal contradiction and realize common prosperity.This paper explains the issue of China’s integrated urban-rural development in an international perspective,emphasizing that it is the result of the interaction between the logical theory and local characteristics.In a chronological sense,the relationship between urban and rural areas in China is moving from fragmentation to integration,but the imbalance of the dual structure still exists.From the perspective of international comparisons,China’s integrated urban-rural development follows a general pattern,but its uniqueness is more worthy of study.The endowment conditions of a large number of people and a small amount of land,the localized way of combining factors and the socialist economic system are the key factors that have shaped its uniqueness.In the new era,China should focus on four aspects in order to promote a higher level and quality of integrated urban-rural development:objectively evaluating and accurately grasping its historical orientation,choosing its practical path based on national conditions and institutional background,enhancing the combined functions of policies and synergistic effects between systems,and adhering to and improving the basic socialist system of China.