人参干预光氧化应激介导的光感受器退行性病变研究

Study of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma mitigating photooxidative stress-mediated photoreceptor degeneration

目的:明确人参对视网膜一级神经元——光感受器的保护作用,部分阐明其明目作用的科学内涵。方法:将4周龄的BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组(NL),光损伤模型组(LD),低、中、高剂量人参治疗组(GR)。采用白光照射诱导小鼠光感受器退行性病变模型。各给药组小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量人参颗粒水溶液,NL组和LD组给予相同体积溶剂作为对照。造模后,通过光学相干断层扫描、视网膜电图、苏木精-伊红(HE)染色以及免疫组织化学对视网膜形态和功能、光感受器细胞结构以及视网膜氧化应激水平进行分析。结果:人参显著抑制光诱导的视网膜结构和功能损伤(P<0.01),抑制光感受器标志物rhodopsin、S-opsin和M-opsin表达异位和减少,显著抑制光感受器突触标志物synaptophysin表达减少(P<0.01)。此外,人参显著减少了视网膜中氧化应激产物8-OHdG和4-HNE生成(P<0.01)并抑制抗氧化酶SOD2和GPX4表达减少(P<0.01)。结论:人参有效抑制视网膜氧化应激干预光感受器退行性病变。

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(GR)on the primary neurons of the retina-photoreceptors,and to elucidate the scientific connotation of its vision-enhancing action partially.Methods:Fourweek-old BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to five groups:no light group(NL),light damage group(LD),and low,medium,and high-dose GR groups.Photoreceptor degeneration was induced through exposure to white light.The GR groups received intraperitoneal injections of varying doses of GR granule aqueous solution.In contrast,the NL and LD groups received the same volume of the solvent as a control.Subsequently,optical coherence tomography,electrophysiology,hematoxylineosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the morphology and function of the retina,the structure of photoreceptor cells,and the level of retinal oxidative stress.Results:GR significantly inhibited light-induced retinal structural and functional damage(P<0.01),suppressed ectopic expression and reduction of photoreceptor cell markers rhodopsin,shortwavelength sensitive cone opsin(S-opsin),and middle-wavelength sensitive cone opsin(M-opsin),and significantly reduced the decrease in expression of the synaptic marker synaptophysin(P<0.01).Additionally,it significantly inhibited the increase of oxidative stress products 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)and 4-hydroxynonenal(4-HNE)in the retina(P<0.01),and the reduction of superoxide dismutase 2(SOD2)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)expression(P<0.01).Conclusion:GR effectively inhibits retinal oxidative stress and intervenes in the degenerative changes of photoreceptors.