农业废弃物资源化利用发展现状、问题与对策——以鱼台县东粮现代农牧循环经济产业园试点为例

Current situation,problems and countermeasures of resource utilization of agricultural waste:a case study of Dongliang modern agriculture and animal husbandry circular economy industrial park in Yutai County

针对鱼台县农作物秸秆、蘑菇渣等废弃物及规模化畜禽养殖粪污综合利用率低、处理工艺不科学、易造成二次环境污染等制约现代农业高质量可持续发展的共性问题,以鱼台县东粮现代农牧循环经济产业园畜禽粪便、农作物秸秆、高含水蘑菇渣为研究对象,开展协同堆肥关键技术研究与应用,结合园区实际情况,形成了适宜园区发展的三格粪污处理系统、异位发酵床等畜禽粪污处理模式,探索了食用菌养殖场与规模化养猪场的“畜禽粪便+秸秆+蘑菇渣+生物菌剂”协同堆肥循环利用运行模式,并开展有机废弃物好氧发酵-固态农肥生产-还田处理模式的开发示范推广,实现乡村有机废弃物就地化肥料化循环利用,促进乡村振兴美丽乡村建设,提升乡村农田土壤肥力,推动乡村现代绿色生态农业高质量发展。

The common problems of low comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw, mushroom residue, and large production of animal manure, and unscientific treatment process in Yutai County which is likely to cause secondary environmental pollution, restricted the high-quality and sustainable development of modern agriculture. The aerobic fermentation process of animal manure, crop straw, and mushroom residue with high water content was carried out in Dongliang modern agriculture and animal husbandry circular economy industrial park in Yutai County. Combined with the actual situation of the park, the treatment modes of the three-grid manure treatment system, and heterotopic fermentation bed suitable for the development of the park were formed. The operation modes of "animal manure+straw+mushroom residue+biological agent" aerobic fermentation recycling for edible fungi farms and large-scale pig farms were explored. The development, demonstration, and promotion of the organic waste aerobic fermentation-solid fertilizer production-returning to field were carried out. Those would promote the localized, fertilization, and recycling of organic waste, improve soil fertility in farmland, which were conducive to rural revitalization and beautiful rural construction, promoting the high-quality development of modern green ecological agriculture in rural areas.